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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpatol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная патология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4826</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/1682-5616-2023-22-2-5-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpatol-1891</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО И РЕПРОДУКЦИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние стадии полового цикла на состав вагинальной слизи у коров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of the Sexual Cycle Stage on the Vaginal Mucus Composition in Cows</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-203X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Князева Мария Владимировна, кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент кафедры анатомии и физиологии факультета ветеринарной медицины</p><p>426069, г. Ижевск, ул. Студенческая, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V Knyazeva, Cand. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Associate Professor of the Anatomy and PhysiologyDepartment, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</p><p>11, Studencheskaya St., Izhevsk, 426069</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mbIsharik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4169-3934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабинцева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babintseva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабинцева Татьяна Викторовна, кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент кафедры эпизоотологии иветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы факультета ветеринарной медицины</p><p>426069, г. Ижевск, ул. Студенческая, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tat’yana V Babintseva, Cand. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Associate Professor of the Epizootology, Veterinary and Sanitary Inspection Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</p><p>11, Studencheskaya St., Izhevsk, 426069</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ariadna-357@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6503-2607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мерзлякова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merzlyakova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мерзлякова Елена Анатольевна, кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент кафедры эпизоотологии иветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы факультета ветеринарной медицины</p><p>426069, г. Ижевск, ул. Студенческая, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Anatol’evna Merzlyakova, Cand. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Associate Professor of the Epizootology,Veterinary and Sanitary Inspection Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine</p><p>11, Studencheskaya St., Izhevsk, 426069</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">merzlyakova_ea@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Удмуртский государственный аграрный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Udmurt State Agricultural University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Князева М.В., Бабинцева Т.В., Мерзлякова Е.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Князева М.В., Бабинцева Т.В., Мерзлякова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Knyazeva M.V., Babintseva T.V., Merzlyakova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/1891">https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/1891</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Основополагающим механизмом ведения эффективного животноводства было, есть и будет воспроизводство стада. Наличие существенных проблем с размножением крупного рогатого скота в стране вынуждает исследователей продолжать поиск новых методов, методик и средств профилактики и терапии воспалительных заболеваний половой системы у животных. Чтобы применить их, необходимо выяснить закономерности защитных механизмов в половой системе у коров. Цель данного исследования – изучение изменений цитологического состава слизистой оболочки влагалища при смене стадий полового цикла у коров.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования стали новотельные коровы черно-пестрой голштинизированной породы в разные стадии полового цикла: в контрольной группе – в стадии уравновешивания, в опытной группе № 1 – с феноменом охота в стадии возбуждения и в опытной группе № 2 – животные с овуляцией в стадии возбуждения. Проводя испытания, использовали комплекс методов: pH-метрию слизистой оболочки влагалища для полуколичественной оценки с применением кольпо-теста и цитологическое изучение, которое осуществляли по общепринятым методикам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследований</title><p>Результаты исследований. Проводя pH-метрию слизистой оболочки влагалища, не получили различий между исследуемыми группами, а именно: в контрольной уровень водородного показателя составил 6,58±0,08, в опытной № 1 – 6,66±0,10, в опытной № 2 – 6,83±0,10. Выполняя цитологическое исследование влагалищного мазка у коров, выявили следующее: в стадии уравновешивания преобладают парабазальные клетки (19–25 %), с феноменом охота – поверхностные клетки (58–62 %), во время же овуляции увеличивается количество промежуточных клеток (30–34 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Установили взаимосвязь между клиническим статусом, уровнем рН, клеточным составом вагинальной слизи у коров. Полученные данные можно использовать в скотоводческом хозяйстве ветеринарными специалистами для выявления «тихой» охоты у коров.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Herd reproduction is the fundamental mechanism ensuring the efficiency of animal husbandry in the past, present and future. The significant problems in cattle herd breeding existing in our country make the researchers continue their search for the new methods, methodologies and means of prophylaxis and treatment of the inflammatory diseases of the animal genital tract. For implementation of these findings, it is necessary to determine the regularities in the cow genital tract protective mechanisms. The present research aims at studying the changes in the vaginal mucosa cytological composition through the alteration of the sexual cycle stages in cows.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The objects for the study were the newly-calved cows of the Holsteinized black-and-white breed in different sexual cycle stages: the control group included the cows in the stage of equilibration, the experimental group № 1 – the cows in the heat phase of the excitation stage and the experimental group № 2 – the animals in the ovulation phase of the excitation stage. The research was conducted using the set of methods: the pH-metry of the vaginal mucosa for making a semi-quantitative assessment by means of a colpo test and the cytological investigation carried out in compliance with the commonly accepted methodology.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During the pH-metry of the vaginal mucosa, no feasible differences were found between the studied groups, namely, in the control group the pH index was 6.58±0.08, in the experimental group № 1 – 6.66±0.10, in the experimen-tal group № 2 – 6.83±0.10. The cytological analysis of the cow vaginal smears revealed the following: the parabasal cells predominate in the equilibration stage (19–25 %), the superficial cells – in the heat phase (58–62 %), whereas in the ovulation phase there increases the number of intermediate cells (30–34 %).</p><p>Discussion and Conclusions. The relationship between the clinical status, pH level, vaginal mucus cell composition in cows has been traced. The obtained data can be used by the veterinarians of the cattle farms to identify the phase of «silent» heat in cows.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>влагалищный мазок</kwd><kwd>вагинальная слизь</kwd><kwd>цитология</kwd><kwd>коровы</kwd><kwd>pH</kwd><kwd>кольпо-тест</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vaginal smear</kwd><kwd>vaginal mucus</kwd><kwd>cytology</kwd><kwd>cows</kwd><kwd>pH</kwd><kwd>colpo-test</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheldon I.M., Owens S.E. Postpartum Uterine Infection and Endometritis in Dairy Cattle. Animal Reproduction. 2017;14(3):622–629. http://doi.org/10.21451/1984-3143-AR1006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sheldon IM, Owens SE. Postpartum Uterine Infection and Endometritis in Dairy Cattle. 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