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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpatol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная патология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4826</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2949-4826-2024-23-1-31-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TUCLSW</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpatol-1959</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Патология животных, морфология, физиология, фармакология и токсикология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Animal pathology, morphology, physiology, pharmacology and toxicology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-морфологическая характеристика мастоцитомы у декоративных крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and Morphological Characteristics of Mastocytoma in Pet Rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5696-5620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безвисельная</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezviselnaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Александровна Безвисельная, ветеринарный врач патоморфологического отдела, аспирант кафедры анатомии, патологической анатомии и хирургии Института прикладной биотехнологии и ветеринарной медицины</p><p>660020, г. Красноярск, ул. Дудинская, д. 5Г </p><p>660130, г. Красноярск, ул. Елены Стасовой, д. 44А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Bezviselnaya, veterinarian of the Pathomorphological Department, Ph.D. Student of the Anatomy, Pathological Anatomy and Surgery Department of the Applied Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine Institute </p><p>5G, Dudinskaya St., Krasnoyarsk, 660020 </p><p>44 A, Elena Stasova St., Krasnoyarsk, 660130 </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hvost24@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5838-8722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турицына</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turitcyna</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгения Геннадьевна Турицына, доктор ветеринарных наук, профессор кафедры анатомии, патологической анатомии и хирургии Института прикладной биотехнологии и ветеринарной медицины</p><p>660130, г. Красноярск, ул. Елены Стасовой, д. 44А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya G. Turitсyna, Dr.Sci. (Veterinary Sciences), Professor of the Anatomy, Pathological Anatomy and Surgery Department of the Applied Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine Institute</p><p>44 A, Elena Stasova St., Krasnoyarsk, 660130 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">turitcyna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>КГКУ «Краевая ветеринарная лаборатория»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional State-Funded Institution "Regional Veterinary Laboratory"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный аграрный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Безвисельная Е.А., Турицына Е.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Безвисельная Е.А., Турицына Е.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bezviselnaya E.A., Turitcyna E.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/1959">https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/1959</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Мастоцитома — новообразование, обусловленное патологической пролиферацией популяции полиморфных тучных клеток (мастоцитов) в коже и/или во внутренних органах позвоночных животных. Вопрос распространенности мастоцитом у декоративных грызунов, в частности крыс, а также клинические и морфологические характеристики этой неоплазии в настоящий момент почти не изучены, но представляют интерес в связи с практической работой врача-родентолога при постановке диагноза, выборе тактики лечения болезни и прогноза исхода онкологического заболевания. Цель данной работы — исследовать клинико-морфологическую характеристику мастоцитом у декоративных крыс.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось на базе гистологической лаборатории Института прикладной биотехнологии и ветеринарной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный аграрный университет» в 2022–2023 гг. Объект исследования — декоративные крысы с онкологическими заболеваниями, принадлежавшие частным владельцам в г. Красноярске и Красноярском крае. Материал для исследований — биоптат, полученный в ходе хирургического лечения новообразований у живых животных, либо отобранный в ходе патологоанатомического вскрытия павших. Исследования проводились комплексно, с использованием клинических, патологоанатомических, гистологических и гистохимических методов. Гистологические срезы окрашивали гематоксилином и эозином, на соединительную ткань по методу Ван-Гизона, метахромазию тучных клеток выявляли толуидиновым синим.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. В ходе исследования 164 случаев спонтанно развивавшихся неоплазий у декоративных крыс установлено, что на долю мастоцитомы приходилось 6,7%. Наибольшая локализация мастоцитов в органах и тканях, не имевших видимых патологических изменений воспалительного или неопластического характера, зафиксирована в кожных покровах, в строме молочных, слюнных, клиторальных и препуциальных желез, подкожных лимфоузлов. В новообразованиях различного генеза обнаружили инфильтрацию мастоцитами их стромы. Мастоцитомы представляли собой одиночные инкапсулированные узлы без признаков метастазирования, в том числе на поздних стадиях развития патологического процесса. У самок регистрировали низкодифференцированную мастоцитому молочной железы, которая не встречалась у самцов. Мастоцитома кожи являлась высокодифференцированной опухолью и обнаруживалась преимущественно у самцов. У обоих полов встречалась высоко- и среднедифференцированная мастоцитома, локализованная в подкожной клетчатке и имевшая благоприятный долгосрочный прогноз.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Исследование клинико-морфологической характеристики спонтанно протекающей мастоцитомы у декоративных крыс показало, что как самостоятельная нозологическая форма мастоцитома редко встречается у этих животных и имеет свои особенности у самок и самцов. Влияние возрастных факторов на частоту возникновения опухоли не выявлено. Морфологические характеристики мастоцитом у крыс близки к типам, выделяемым классификациями для собак. Вопрос о роли мастоцитов в развитии онкологических патологий различного генеза у декоративных крыс нуждается в дальнейших исследованиях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Mastocytoma is a tumour caused by the pathological proliferation of the population of the polymorphic mast cells (mastocytes) in the skin and/or visceral organs of vertebrates. Mastocytoma prevalence in pet rodents, rats in particular, as well as the clinical and morphological characteristics of this neoplasia are currently almost unstudied, although these issues are of interest to the rodentologists in their practical work in diagnosing, choosing disease treatment strategy and predicting an outcome of an oncological disease. The aim of this work is to investigate the clinical and morphological characteristics of mastocytomas in pet rats.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in 2022–2023 at the site of the histological laboratory of the Applied Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine Institute of Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. The objects of the study were the pet rats with the oncological diseases owned by the individuals in Krasnoyarsk and the Krasnoyarsk Krai. The research material was the biopsy samples obtained during the surgical treatment of tumours in living animals or collected during the pathoanatomical autopsy of the fallen ones. The comprehensive research was conducted using the clinical, pathoanatomical, histological and histochemical methods. The histological sections were stained with the hematoxylin and eosin to detect the connective tissue using the Van Gieson method, metachromasia of mast cells was detected with the toluidine blue.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During the study of 164 cases of spontaneously developing neoplasia in pet rats, it was found that mastocytoma accounted for 6.7%. In the organs and tissues that had no visible pathological changes of inflammatory or neoplastic nature, the largest locations of mastocytes were recorded in the cutaneous integuments, in the stroma of mammary, salivary, clitoral and preputial glands, and subcutaneous lymph nodes. The mast cell infiltration was found in the stroma of the neoplasms of different genesis. Mastocytomas represented the solitary encapsulated nodules without signs of metastasis, including at the late stages of the pathological process. The low differentiated mammary gland mastocytoma was recorded in females and was not found in males. The cutaneous mastocytoma was a highly differentiated tumour and was found mainly in males. The high and moderate differentiated mastocytoma located in the hypoderm and having a favourable long-term prognosis was found in both sexes.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. The study of the clinical and morphological characteristics of the spontaneously developing mastocytoma in pet rats has revealed that mastocytoma as an independent nosological form is rare in these animals and has its distinctive features in females and males. The influence of age-related factors on the tumour incidence has not been revealed. The morphological characteristics of mastocytomas in rats are close to the types classified for dogs. The role of mastocytes in development of the oncological pathologies of various genesis in pet rats needs further research.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морфология</kwd><kwd>мастоцитома</kwd><kwd>новообразование</kwd><kwd>декоративные крысы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>morphology</kwd><kwd>mastocytoma</kwd><kwd>neoplasm</kwd><kwd>pet rats</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Митрохина Н.В. Клинико-морфологические особенности мастоцитомы. Vetpharma. 2021;4:60–63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitrokhina NV. Clinical and Morphological Features of Mast Cells Tumor. VetPharma. 2021;4:60–63. 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