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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpatol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная патология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4826</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2949-4826-2024-23-2-51-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">RBWQFS</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpatol-1985</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПАТОЛОГИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ, МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ, ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ И ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL PATHOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретроспективный анализ распространенности автомобильных травм у собак (на основании данных сети ветеринарных клиник Ростовской области за 2018–2022 гг.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Retrospective Evaluation of the Vehicular Trauma Prevalence in Dogs (Based on the Data of the Rostov Region Veterinary Clinic Chain for the Period of 2018–2022)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4374-9244</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Сергеевна Фомина - кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры биологии и общей патологии.</p><p>344003, Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Fomina - Cand.Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Biology and General Pathology Department.</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a_bogun@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глухих</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glukhikh</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елизавета Евгеньевна Глухих - ветеринарный врач.</p><p>344010, Ростов-наДону, переулок Ахтарский, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta E. Glukhikh – Veterinarian.</p><p>4, Akhtarskii Lane, Rostov-on-Don, 344010</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glukiza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-6656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дерезина</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derezina</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Николаевна Дерезина - доктор ветеринарных наук, заведующий кафедрой биологии и общей патологии.</p><p>344003, Ростов-наДону, пл. Гагарина, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Derezina - Dr.Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Head of the Biology and General Pathology Department.</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">derezinasovet@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-3120</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казарникова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazarnikova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Владимировна Казарникова - доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией ихтиологии.</p><p>344006, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Чехова, д. 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Kazarnikova - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Head of the Ichthyology Laboratory.</p><p>41, Chekhova st., Rostov-on-Don, 344006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kazarnikova@ssc-ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1871-3724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карташов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartashov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Николаевич Карташов - доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры биологии и общей патологии.</p><p>344003, Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Kartashov - Dr.Sci. (Biology), Professor of the Biology and General Pathology Department.</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kartashovsn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУ РО «Ростоблветлаборатория»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Institution of the Rostov Region “Rostov Regional Veterinary Laboratory”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный научный центр РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Laboratory of the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фомина А.С., Глухих Е.Е., Дерезина Т.Н., Казарникова А.В., Карташов С.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фомина А.С., Глухих Е.Е., Дерезина Т.Н., Казарникова А.В., Карташов С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fomina A.S., Glukhikh E.E., Derezina T.N., Kazarnikova A.V., Kartashov S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/1985">https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/1985</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Автомобильный инцидент является одной из самых распространенных причин травмирования собак: согласно зарубежной статистике, не менее 51 % от общего количества случаев травм собак. Основную группу риска составляют кобели в возрасте от 1 до 3 лет. В России отсутствуют исследования распространённости автомобильных травм у собак, которые позволили бы определить факторы риска, характер и тяжесть повреждений, сформировать рекомендации для владельцев и ветеринарных врачей. В настоящей работе предлагается ретроспективный анализ распространённости автомобильных травм у собак на основании данных сети ветеринарных клиник Ростовской области за 2018–2022 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Материалом для ретроспективного анализа послужили медицинские карты пациентов сети ветеринарных клиник ООО «ВитаВет» (Ростовская область). Отбор медицинских карт производился с сентября 2022 г. по март 2023 г. в соответствии со следующими критериями включения: наличие автотравмы в анамнезе животного; постановка диагноза на основании физикального осмотра, рентгенологического исследования и УЗ-исследования; отсутствие в истории болезни данных о наличии у животного иных заболеваний, потенциально угрожающих жизни. Тяжесть состояния собак оценивалась по пяти параметрам шкалы АТТ (Animal trauma triage) и расчетному показателю индекса шока.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Ретроспективный анализ распространённости автомобильных травм у собак осуществлен на основании данных 559 отобранных медицинских карт. Из них 217 сук (94 % не кастрированы) и 342 кобеля (98 % не кастрированы). Выявлено, что количество летальных исходов у сук было почти в два раза меньше в сравнении с кобелями (13 % и 20,2 % соответственно). Около 45 % автотравм приходилось на животных в возрасте от 1 года до 3 лет. Наименьший процент смертей (6,15 %) и среднее значение баллов по шкале АТТ (3,15±0,09) выявлены среди сук до года. У сук от 1 года до 3 лет эти показатели составили 10,74 % смертности и 3,46±0,07 балла по шкале АТТ. Среди кобелей наименьший процент смертности выявлен у кобелей от 7 до 10 лет (11,11 %), у особей до года он составил 12,84 %. Наибольшее количество травмированных собак относилось к мелким породам (63,69 %), но процент летальных исходов и среднее значение баллов по шкале АТТ были выше у крупных собак (54,8 % и 4,34±0,3 балла). Наиболее частыми диагнозами при автотравме являлись: перелом бедренной кости, перелом таза, черепно-мозговая травма, ушиб, перелом большеберцовой кости, перелом позвоночника.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Результаты ретроспективного анализа свидетельствуют о том, что наиболее часто автомобильным травмам подвергались молодые некастрированные кобели (в группе риска находятся собаки в возрасте до 3 лет). Смертность среди кобелей была выше, чем среди сук. Собаки мелких пород чаще получали автомобильные травмы, однако доля летальных исходов у собак крупных пород была выше. Наиболее распространенными травмами за период исследования являлись повреждения опорно-двигательного аппарата — это полностью соответствует данным, опубликованным в зарубежных научных источниках. Дальнейшее увеличение исследуемой выборки, учет данных из других сетей ветеринарных клиник создаст возможность получения более подробной картины в изучаемой области.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Vehicular trauma is one of the most common causes of canine trauma — at least 51% of the total number of the canine trauma according to the foreign statistics. The main risk group consists of the dog males aged from 1 to 3 years old. In Russia no research was conducted to analyse the prevalence of vehicular trauma in dogs that would allow determining the risk factors, the nature and severity of injuries, and making recommendations for the owners and veterinarians. This article proposes a retrospective evaluation of the vehicular trauma prevalence in dogs based on the data of the Rostov region veterinary clinic chain for the period of 2018–2022.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. For retrospective evaluation, the medical histories of patients of the “VitaVet” LLC veterinary clinic chain (Rostov region) were used as the material. The selection of medical histories was carried out from September 2022 to March 2023 in accordance with the following inclusion criteria: the presence of a vehicular trauma in the animal's anamnesis; diagnosis based on the physical examination, X-ray examination and ultrasound examination; absence of data on the other potentially life-threatening diseases in the animal medical history. The severity of dogs’ condition was evaluated according to five parameters of the ATT scale (Animal Trauma Triage) and the estimate shock index.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A retrospective evaluation of the vehicular trauma prevalence in dogs was carried out based on the data of 559 selected medical histories. Of these, 217 histories belonged to bitches (94% non-neutered) and 342 to dog males (98% non-neutered). It was revealed that the number of deaths in bitches was almost two times less in comparison with the male dogs (13% and 20.2% respectively). About 45% of vehicular trauma occurred in animals aged from 1 to 3 years old. The lowest percentage of deaths (6.15%) and the average ATT score (3.15±0.09) were found in bitches under one year old. In bitches aged from 1 to 3 years old, these parameters equalled to 10.74% mortality and 3.46±0.07 ATT score. Among male dogs, the lowest mortality percentage was found in males from 7 to 10 years old (11.11%), in animals under one year old it was 12.84%. The largest number of injured dogs was in the small dog breeds (63.69%), however in large dog breeds the percentage of deaths and the average ATT score were higher (54.8% and 4.34±0.3). The most common diagnoses resulting from the vehicular trauma were: femoral fracture, pelvic fracture, craniocerebral trauma, contusion, tibia fracture, vertebral fracture.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the retrospective evaluation indicate that the young non-neutered dog males were most often subject to the vehicular trauma (dogs under the age of 3 years old were in the risk group). Mortality among the dog males was higher than among the bitches. The small dog breeds were more likely to get the vehicular trauma, whereas the percentage of deaths in large dog breeds was higher. The most common injuries observed during the period of research were the musculoskeletal disorders, this fully corresponds to the data published in the foreign scientific sources. Further expansion of the sample of research taking into account the data of the other veterinary clinic chains will create the opportunity for getting a more detailed picture in the research area.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретроспективный анализ</kwd><kwd>автотравма</kwd><kwd>автомобильная травма</kwd><kwd>собака</kwd><kwd>шкала АТТ</kwd><kwd>Animal trauma triage</kwd><kwd>индекс шока</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retrospective evaluation</kwd><kwd>vehicular trauma</kwd><kwd>dog</kwd><kwd>ATT scale</kwd><kwd>Animal Trauma Triage</kwd><kwd>shock index</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hall KE, Boller M, Hoffberg J, McMichael M, Raffe MR, Sharp CR. ACVECC-Veterinary Committee on Trauma Registry Report 2013–2017. 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