<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpatol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная патология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4826</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2949-4826-2024-23-4-31-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MOAAXA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpatol-2019</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Патология животных, морфология, физиология, фармакология и токсикология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Animal pathology, morphology, physiology, pharmacology and toxicology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность и безопасность ингаляционного введения кортикостероидов при контроле хронического кашля у собак с эндокардиозом и застойной сердечной недостаточностью</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Administration of Corticosteroids in the Frame of Controlling Chronic Coughing in Dogs with Endocardiosis and Congestive Heart Failure</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7247-9266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карташов</surname><given-names>C. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartashov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Николаевич Карташов, доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры биологии и общей патологии</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Kartashov, Dr.Sci. (Biology), Professor of the Biology and General Pathology Department</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kartashovsn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Алексеевна Петрова, аспирант кафедры биологии и общей патологии</p><p>344003, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Petrova, PhD Student of the Biology and General Pathology Department</p><p>1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrovam@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Донской государственный технический университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Don State Technical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карташов C.Н., Петрова М.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карташов C.Н., Петрова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kartashov S.N., Petrova M.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2019">https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2019</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Основной причиной хронического кашля у собак с эндокардиозом является одновременно возникающие хронический бронхит и коллапс дыхательных путей. Пероральный прием топических кортикостероидов быстро улучшает клиническое состояние животных, однако прекращение их применения приводит к возобновлению нежелательных признаков. По мнению авторов, стоит рассмотреть ингаляционное введение кортикостероидов, которое, в отличие от перорального, напрямую доставляет препарат в дыхательные пути, уменьшая количество системных побочных эффектов. Цель данного исследования — выявить эффективность и безопасность ингаляционного введения топических кортикостероидов для контроля хронического кашля у собак с эндокардиозом и застойной сердечной недостаточностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Всего в исследование было включено 19 собак мелких пород с эндокардиозом, застойной сердечной недостаточностью (ЗСН) и хроническим кашлем продолжительностью более трех месяцев в анамнезе. Возраст животных варьировался от 7 до 15 лет, средний возраст — 12,3 года. Всем собакам был проведен общий анализ крови, биохимический профиль сыворотки, анализ мочи, рентгенограммы шеи и грудной клетки в трех проекциях, эхокардиограмма. Собак исключали из исследования, если были обнаружены системные заболевания. Всем собакам были назначены ингаляции флутиказона: по 1 ингаляции 2 раза в день по 6–8 вдохов через спейсер типа AeroDawg. Каждые 7 дней в течение 35 дней владельцы заполняли опросник по характеристикам кашля. Для выявления отека легких и жидкости в грудной клетке каждые 7 дней животным проводили клиническое обследование, с аускультацией и ультразвуковым исследованием грудной клетки. С целью раннего выявления декомпенсации ЗСН эхокардиографически оценивались: соотношение левого предсердия/аорты; внутренний диаметр левого желудочка в диастолу; фракция выброса и сокращения левого желудочка.</p><p>Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Ингаляционное применение флутиказона улучшило качество жизни собак — положительный эффект отмечался уже со второй недели лечения животных, а к 21-му дню отмечалась стабилизация состояния пациентов. Общая оценка кашля, а также индивидуальная частота, продолжительность и тяжесть кашля снизились до минимальных значений. Терапия флутиказоном доказала также свою безопасность, так как в течение 35 дней не привела к выявлению снижения систолической функции левого желудочка или усилению застойных явлений в легких и признаков отека легких.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты исследования показали эффективность и безопасность ингаляций флутиказоном для контроля кашля у собак с эндокардиозом и застойной сердечной недостаточностью. Однако поскольку терапия флутиказоном оценивалась только в течение 35 дней, необходимы дальнейшие исследования с более длительным периодом наблюдения, чтобы исключить возможность осложнений со стороны сердечнососудистой системы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The main cause of chronic coughing in dogs with endocardiosis is the simultaneous occurrence of chronic bronchitis and airway collapse. Oral administration of topical corticosteroids quickly improves the clinical signs in animals, but after their administration is stopped, the undesirable signs resume. The authors deem it necessary to study the inhaled administration of corticosteroids, which, in contrast to oral administration, delivers the drug directly to the airways reducing the number of systemic side effects. The aim of the present research is to determine the efficacy and safety of inhaled administration of topical corticosteroids in the frame of controlling chronic coughing in dogs with endocardiosis and congestive heart failure.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. In total, 19 dogs of small breeds with endocardiosis, congestive heart failure (CHF) and a history of chronic coughing during more than three months were included in the research. The age of the animals ranged from 7 to 15 years, an average age was 12.3 years. All dogs underwent a complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile test, urinalysis, radiography of the neck and chest in three projections, and an echocardiography. Dogs with detected systemic diseases were excluded from the research. All dogs were prescribed fluticasone inhalations: one inhalation of 6–8 inhales 2 times a day using an AeroDawg-type inhaler spacer. Every 7 days during 35 days, the owners were completing a questionnaire on cough characteristics. Clinical examination of animals was carried out every 7 days including auscultation and ultrasound examination of the chest to detect the pulmonary edema and fluid in the chest. For early detection of CHF decompensation, the following indices were assessed by means of echocardiography: left atrium-to-aorta ratio; left ventricular internal diastolic diameter; ejection fraction of the left ventricle and left ventricular contraction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Inhaled administration of fluticasone has improved the quality of life of dogs — a positive effect has been noticed in animals already from the second week of treatment, and by the 21st day the stabilization of the patients' condition has been recorded. Coughing in general, as well as individual frequency, duration and severity of cough have decreased to minimum. Also, treatment with fluticasone has proved its safety, because within 35 days neither left ventricular systolic function impairment nor lung congestion increase, nor signs of pulmonary edema have been detected.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. The research results have proved the efficacy and safety of inhaled fluticasone in the frame of controlling coughing in dogs with endocardiosis and congestive heart failure. However, since treatment with fluticasone was evaluated only for 35 days, further studies with a longer observation period are necessary to exclude the possibility of cardiovascular complications.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кашель собак</kwd><kwd>коллапс трахеи у собак</kwd><kwd>хронический кашель у собак</kwd><kwd>хронических бронхит у собак</kwd><kwd>эндокардиоз</kwd><kwd>застойная сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>флутиказон</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dog’s cough</kwd><kwd>canine tracheal collapse</kwd><kwd>chronic coughing in dogs</kwd><kwd>chronic bronchitis in dogs</kwd><kwd>endocardiosis</kwd><kwd>congestive heart failure</kwd><kwd>fluticasone</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oh D, Lee S, Kim S, Choen S, Choi M, Yoon J. Computed Tomographic Bronchial Collapsibility Values over 50% May Be Detected in Healthy Dogs. Veterinary Radiology &amp; Ultrasound. 2019;60(1):28–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.12692</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oh D, Lee S, Kim S, Choen S, Choi M, Yoon J. Computed Tomographic Bronchial Collapsibility Values over 50% May Be Detected in Healthy Dogs. Veterinary Radiology &amp; Ultrasound. 2019;60(1):28–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.12692</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson LR, Vernau W. Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Lymphocytosis in 104 Dogs (2006–2016). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2019;33(3):1315–1321. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15489</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson LR, Vernau W. Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Lymphocytosis in 104 Dogs (2006–2016). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2019;33(3):1315–1321. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15489</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferasin L, Linney C. Coughing in Dogs: What is the Evidence for and against a Cardiac Cough? Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2019;60(3):139–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.12976</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferasin L, Linney C. Coughing in Dogs: What is the Evidence for and against a Cardiac Cough? Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2019;60(3):139–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.12976</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson LR, Stern JA. Clinical Features and Outcome in 25 Dogs with Respiratory-associated Pulmonary Hypertension Treated with Sildenafil. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2020;34(1):65–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15679</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson LR, Stern JA. Clinical Features and Outcome in 25 Dogs with Respiratory-associated Pulmonary Hypertension Treated with Sildenafil. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2020;34(1):65–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15679</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Casamian-Sorrosal D, Silvestrini P, Blake R, Kortum A, Watson P, Martinez-Pereira Y, et al. Clinical Features and Long-term Follow-up of 70 Cases of Canine Idiopathic Eosinophilic Lung Disease. Veterinary Record. 2020;187(8):e65. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.105193</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Casamian-Sorrosal D, Silvestrini P, Blake R, Kortum A, Watson P, Martinez-Pereira Y, et al. Clinical Features and Long-term Follow-up of 70 Cases of Canine Idiopathic Eosinophilic Lung Disease. Veterinary Record. 2020;187(8):e65. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.105193</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levy A, Reinero C, Masseau I. Ventilator-Assisted Inspiratory and Expiratory Breath-hold Thoracic Computed Tomographic Scans Can Detect Dynamic and Static Airway Collapse in Dogs with Limited Agreement with Tracheobronchoscopy. Animals. 2022;12(22):3091. http://doi.org/10.3390/ani12223091</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levy A, Reinero C, Masseau I. Ventilator-Assisted Inspiratory and Expiratory Breath-hold Thoracic Computed Tomographic Scans Can Detect Dynamic and Static Airway Collapse in Dogs with Limited Agreement with Tracheobronchoscopy. Animals. 2022;12(22):3091. http://doi.org/10.3390/ani12223091</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verschoor-Kirss M, Rozanski EA, Sharp CR, Oura TJ, Egan A, Bain P, et al. Treatment of Naturally Occurring Asthma with Inhaled Fluticasone or Oral Prednisolone: A Randomized Pilot Trial. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2021;85(1):61–67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verschoor-Kirss M, Rozanski EA, Sharp CR, Oura TJ, Egan A, Bain P, et al. Treatment of Naturally Occurring Asthma with Inhaled Fluticasone or Oral Prednisolone: A Randomized Pilot Trial. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2021;85(1):61–67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elkholly DA, Brodbelt DC, Church DB, Pelligand Ludo, Mwacalimba Kennedy, Wright AK, et al. Side Effects to Systemic Glucocorticoid Therapy in Dogs under Primary Veterinary Care in the UK. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020;7:515.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elkholly DA, Brodbelt DC, Church DB, Pelligand Ludo, Mwacalimba Kennedy, Wright AK, et al. Side Effects to Systemic Glucocorticoid Therapy in Dogs under Primary Veterinary Care in the UK. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020;7:515.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Masters AK, Berger DJ, Ware WA, Langenfeld NR, Coetzee JF, Mochel JPM, et al. Effects of Short-Term AntiInflammatory Glucocorticoid Treatment on Clinicopathologic, Echocardiographic, and Hemodynamic Variables in Systemically Healthy Dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2018;79(4):411–423. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00515</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Masters AK, Berger DJ, Ware WA, Langenfeld NR, Coetzee JF, Mochel JPM, et al. Effects of Short-Term AntiInflammatory Glucocorticoid Treatment on Clinicopathologic, Echocardiographic, and Hemodynamic Variables in Systemically Healthy Dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2018;79(4):411–423. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00515</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
