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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpatol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная патология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4826</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2949-4826-2024-23-4-37-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">GMHKNC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpatol-2020</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Патология животных, морфология, физиология, фармакология и токсикология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Animal pathology, morphology, physiology, pharmacology and toxicology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфометрические параметры опухоли молочной железы как новые критерии в дифференцировке гистологических типов у собак</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphometric Parameters as the New Differentiation Criteria of Histological Types of Mammary Gland Tumour in Dogs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-4258</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галустян</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galustyan</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Беникович Галустян, аспирант кафедры паразитологии и ветсанэкспертизы, анатомии ипатанатомии им. профессора С.Н. Никольского</p><p>357070,  г. Ставрополь, пер. Зоотехнический, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry B. Galustyan, PhD Student of the Parasitology and Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary-Sanitary Examination, Anatomy and Pathoanatomy Department Named after Professor S.N. Nikolsky</p><p>12, Zootechnical Lane, Stavropol, 357070</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Noobitoys@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-8633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дилекова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dilekova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Владимировна Дилекова, доктор биологических наук, доцент кафедры паразитологии иветсанэкспертизы, анатомии и патанатомии им. профессора С.Н. Никольского</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Dilekova, Dr.Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Parasitology and Veterinary Medicine, VeterinarySanitary Examination, Anatomy and Pathoanatomy Department Named after Professor S.N. Nikolsky</p><p>12, Zootechnical Lane, Stavropol, 357070</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Dilekova2009@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский государственный аграрный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галустян Д.Б., Дилекова О.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галустян Д.Б., Дилекова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galustyan D.B., Dilekova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2020">https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2020</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Опухоли молочных желёз у собак являются широко распространённой патологией, регистрируемой в 20–30 % случаев от всех обращений в ветеринарные клиники. Злокачественные новообразования молочных желёз имеют специфические структурные изменения ткани, с характерными морфологическими преобразованиями клеточного, ядерного, стромально-паренхиматозного и сосудистых компонентов. Однако на сегодняшний день в мире нет обширных и глубоких исследований в данном направлении, что затрудняет или делает невозможным лабораторную диагностику опухолей с исследованием морфометрических параметров. Целью исследования является установление значимых морфометрических параметров для дифференцировки гистологических типов опухолей молочной железы у собак при постановке диагноза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Материалом для исследования, проходившего в период с 2022 по 2023 гг., служили эксцизионные биоптаты (n=15), полученные после унилатеральной мастэктомии у собак. Обзорные препараты показали признаки трех основных гистологических типов опухоли, из которых были сформированы группы: тубулярная (n=5), медуллярная (n=5) и солидная (n=5). Выборка исследуемых гистологических типов, представленная тремя группами, была подразделена на основные категории морфометрических параметров — клеточных и ядерных (тубулярная (n=995), медуллярная (n=995), солидная (n=995)), стромально-паренхиматозных (тубулярная (n=154), медуллярная (n=154), солидная (n=154)) и сосудистых (тубулярная (n=1233), медуллярная (n=1233), солидная (n=1233)). Для установления статистически значимых различий среди исследуемых показателей использовали однофакторный дисперсионный анализ и критерий Краскела-Уоллеса как его непараметрический аналог. Анализ полученных результатов был интерпретирован, исходя из рассчитанных F-критериев.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Площадь ядер медуллярной карциномы больше в сравнении с тубулярной (p&lt;0,01) и  солидной (p=0,000), размеры ядер тубулярной карциномы больше солидной (p=0,000). Наибольший показатель ядерно-цитоплазматического отношения установлен в медуллярной карциноме (p=0,000), наименьший — в солидной карциноме (p=0,000). Диаметр сосудов солидной карциномы превышает показатели в сравнении с тубулярной (p=0,000) и медуллярной (p=0,000), а показатели диаметра сосудов тубулярной карциномы незначительно больше медуллярной (p=0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Все исследуемые гистологические типы опухолей имели статистически значимые различия, что делает возможным их дифференцировку при исследовании морфометрических параметров ткани.При этом не все сформированные группы морфометрических критериев продемонстрировали наличие статистической значимости и требуют дальнейшего исследования. Стромально-паренхиматозная группа морфометрических параметров имела наименее эффективные дифференциальные свойства. Клеточная и ядерная группа показала наибольшую критериальную ценность благодаря наличию специфических различий среди всех типов опухоли. Наиболее значимыми морфометрическими параметрами из данной группы оказались площадь ядра и ядерно-цитоплазматическое отношение. Группа сосудистых параметров оказалась высокоспецифичной и, следовательно, второй диагностически значимой группой морфометрических критериев. Среди данных показателей наибольшая диагностическая ценность была выявлена при анализе диаметра сосудов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Canine mammary gland tumour is a widespread pathology registered in 20–30% of all the cases admitted to the veterinary clinics. Malignant mammary gland neoplasms cause the specific structural changes in the tissue, with the specific morphological transformations of the cellular, nuclear, parenchymatous-stromal and vascular components. However, currently, in the world there are no extensive and in-depth studies in this field, therefore the laboratory diagnostics of tumours using the examination of the morphometric parameters is difficult or impossible. The aim of the present research is to establish the significant morphometric parameters enabling differentiation of the histological types of canine mammary gland tumours in the course of diagnostics.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The research was conducted from 2022 to 2023 and based on investigation of the excisional biopsy specimens (n=15) obtained after unilateral mastectomy in dogs. The review specimens demonstrated the signs of three main histological types of tumour, which formed the respective groups: tubular (n=5), medullary (n=5) and solid (n=5). The sample of the studied histological types represented by three groups was subdivided into the main categories of morphometric parameters – cellular and nuclear (tubular (n=995), medullary (n=995), solid (n=995)), parenchymatousstromal (tubular (n=154), medullary (n=154), solid (n=154)) and vascular (tubular (n=1233), medullary (n=1233), solid (n=1233)). To establish the statistically significant differences among the studied parameters, a single-factor analysis of variance and its non-parametric analogue — the Kruskal-Wallis test, were used. The obtained results were analysed by interpretation of the calculated F-test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The area of the medullary carcinoma nuclei was larger compared to the tubular (p&lt;0.01) and solid (p=0.000), the size of tubular carcinoma nuclei was larger than that of the solid (p=0.000). The highest nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio was determined in medullary carcinoma (p=0.000), the lowest — in solid carcinoma (p=0.000). The diameter of solid carcinoma vessels exceeded that of tubular (p=0.000) and medullary (p=0.000), and the diameter of tubular carcinoma vessels was slightly larger than that of medullary (p=0.001).</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. All the studied histological types of tumours had statistically significant differences, which makes it possible to differentiate them when examining the morphometric parameters of the tissue. However, not all of the formed categories of morphometric parameters had demonstrated the statistical significance and require further study. The parenchymatous-stromal category of morphometric parameters had the least efficient differential properties. The cellular and nuclear category showed the greatest differential value due to availability of the specific differences distinguishable among all other tumour types. The most significant morphometric parameters in this group were the area of the nucleus and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. The vascular category of parameters turned out to be highly specific and, therefore, the second diagnostically significant category of morphometric parameters. In this category of parameters, the vessel diameter proved to be of the greatest diagnostic value.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морфометрические критерии</kwd><kwd>ядерно-цитоплазматическое отношение</kwd><kwd>стромально-паренхиматозное отношение</kwd><kwd>индекс васкуляризации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>morphometric criteria</kwd><kwd>nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio</kwd><kwd>parenchymatous-stromal ratio</kwd><kwd>vascularization index</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salas Y, Márquez A, Diaz D, Romero L. Epidemiological Study of Mammary Tumors in Female Dogs Diagnosed during the Period 2002–2012: A Growing Animal Health Problem. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(5):e0127381. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127381</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salas Y, Márquez A, Diaz D, Romero L. 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