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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpatol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная патология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4826</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2949-4826-2024-23-4-52-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">AYPMQP</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpatol-2022</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Частная зоотехния, кормление, технологии приготовления кормов и производства продукции животноводства</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Zootechnics, feeding, technologies of feed preparation and livestock products production</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование кормовых добавок с сорбционными свойствами в рыбоводстве: обзор научной литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Use of Feed Additives with Sorption Properties in Fish Farming: Literature Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2385-264X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Килякова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kilyakova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Владимировна Килякова, кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры биотехнологии животного сырья и аквакультуры</p><p>460018, г. Оренбург, просп. Победы, д. 13</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya V. Kilyakova, Cand.Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Biotechnology of Raw Animal Materials and Aquaculture Department</p><p>13, Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fish-ka06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-5151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошникова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnikova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Петровна Мирошникова, доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой биотехнологии животного сырья и аквакультуры аквакультуры</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena P. Miroshnikova, Dr.Sci. (Biology), Professor, Head of the Biotechnology of Raw Animal Materials and Aquaculture Department</p><p>13, Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenaakva@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-7118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аринжанов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arinzhanov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Азамат Ерсаинович Аринжанов, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент, доцент кафедры биотехнологии животного сырья и аквакультуры</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Azamat E. Arinzhanov, Cand.Sci. (Agriculture), Associate Professor of the Biotechnology of Raw Animal Materials and Aquaculture Department</p><p>13, Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arin.azamat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-1312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мингазова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mingazova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Сергеевна Мингазова, ассистент кафедры биотехнологии животного сырья и аквакультуры; аспирант </p><p>460018, г. Оренбург, просп. Победы, д. 13; 460000, г. Оренбург, ул. 9 Января, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina S. Mingazova, Assistant of the Biotechnology of Raw Animal Materials and Aquaculture Department; Postgraduate Student </p><p>13, Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018;   29, January 9th Str., 29, Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ms.mingazova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский государственный университет; Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State University; Federal Research Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Килякова Ю.В., Мирошникова Е.П., Аринжанов А.Е., Мингазова М.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Килякова Ю.В., Мирошникова Е.П., Аринжанов А.Е., Мингазова М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kilyakova Y.V., Miroshnikova E.P., Arinzhanov A.E., Mingazova M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2022">https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2022</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Аквакультура в настоящее время признана наиболее интенсивно развивающейся отраслью сельского хозяйства. Снизить негативное влияние интенсификационных мероприятий на гидробионтов, повысить их иммунный статус позволяют разнообразные кормовые добавки. Особый интерес представляют добавки природного происхождения c сорбционными свойствами, экологически безопасные и не вызывающие привыкания. В качестве кормовых добавок с сорбционными свойствами для рыб используются гуминовые кислоты, цеолиты, алюмосиликаты, древесный уголь и др. Необходимо не только найти вещество с сорбционными свойствами, которое возможно использовать в качестве кормовой добавки, но и определить дозировку, взаимодействие с компонентами кормов и другими препаратами, безопасность. Как в зарубежной, так и в отечественной литературе имеющиеся публикации посвящены исследованиям, проведенным на отдельных видах гидробионтов, при включении определенных кормовых добавок с сорбционными свойствами в рацион в течение ограниченного периода времени. Обзоры исследований, в которых было бы проанализировано использование таких кормовых добавок в аквакультуре, в научной литературе не представлены. Цель данного обзора — обобщение литературных данных по результатам использования кормовых добавок с сорбционными свойствами в рыбоводстве.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для достижения поставленной цели проведен поиск статей, опубликованных с 2006 по 2023 гг., в базах данных eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed по данной теме с использованием ключевых слов: кормовые добавки в рыбоводстве, кормление рыб, кормовые добавки с сорбционные свойствами, древесный уголь, цеолиты, гуминовые кислоты, хитозан, кремнезем, опока в кормах для гидробионтов. В поиск включались только источники на русском и английском языках. Материал, прошедший скрининг, был проанализирован, систематизирован и представлен в виде таблицы, диаграммы и блок-схемы PRISMA.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. В результате поиска в данный обзор вошли 55 статей. Информация систематизирована по тематическим блокам, связанным с веществами, используемыми в качестве кормовой добавки и обладающими сорбционными свойствами. Выявлено, что чаще всего в качестве сорбентов как для пресноводных, так и для морских рыб применяются: активная кормовая добавка из древесного угля, цеолиты, гуминовые кислоты, гуматы. Основные направления использования кормовых добавок с сорбционными свойствами — улучшение физиологических показателей организма рыб и повышение рентабельности производства. Реже, согласно литературным данным, природные сорбенты добавляют непосредственно в воду.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Полученные в результате обзора обобщенные данные позволяют рассматривать кормовые добавки с сорбционными свойствами как перспективные с позиции потенциального внедрения в рыбоводную практику. Однако в многочисленных исследованиях, проведенных отечественными и зарубежными авторами, не установлены дозировки при включении в рацион большинства объектов рыбоводства сорбентов, мало изучен механизм их действия на рыб, нет информации по продолжительности и частоте использования кормовых добавок с сорбционными свойствами в производственных условиях, отсутствуют достоверные данные по нетоксичности, синергизму или антагонизму при совместном использовании различных кормовых добавок. Это обуславливает необходимость проведения более масштабных работ в этом направлении.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Aquaculture is currently recognised as the most rapidly developing branch of agriculture. Various feed additives enable reduction of the negative impact of the production intensification measures on the hydrobionts and improve their immune status. The natural additives with sorption properties are of particular interest, they are environmentally friendly and cause no dependence. Humic acids, zeolites, aluminosilicates, charcoal, etc. are used as the sorption feed additives for fish. It is necessary not only to find a substance possessing the sorption properties that can be used as a feed additive, but also to determine its dosage, interaction with feed ingredients and other preparations, as well as its safety. The existing publications in the foreign and native scientific literature describe the research held in the certain hydrobionts species on inclusion in their diet of the certain sorption feed additives for a limited period of time. However, in the scientific literature, the review papers analysing the use of such feed additives in aquaculture are not available yet. The objective of the present review is to summarise the data available in the literature on the results of using the feed additives with sorption properties in fish farming.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. To achieve the set objective, a search for the articles published on this topic in the period from 2006 to 2023 in the eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed databases was carried out by the keywords: feed additives in fish farming, fish feeding, feed additives with sorption properties, charcoal, zeolites, humic acids, chitosan, silica, opoka in the feed for hydrobionts. Only sources in Russian and English languages were included in the search. The papers that passed screening were analysed, systematized and presented in the form of a table, chart and PRISMA flow chart.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The search yielded with 55 articles, which were included in this review. The information was systematized by the thematic units according to the substances used as feed additives and possessing the sorption properties. It was revealed that the most frequently used sorbents for both freshwater and marine fish were: active feed additive made of charcoal, zeolites, humic acids, humates. The main purposes for using the sorption feed additives were improving the physiological parameters of fish organisms and increasing the profitability of production. According to the literature sources, the natural sorbents were less often added directly to water.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. The summarised data obtained as a result of the review allow us to consider the feed additives with sorption properties as having a good perspective for implementation into fish farming. However, in the numerous studies conducted by the native and foreign authors, the dosages of sorbents included in the diet of the most of fish farming objects are not specified, the mechanism of their impact on fish is poorly studied, as well as there is no information on the duration and frequency of using the sorption feed additives in conditions of the industrial production, the reliable data on non-toxicity, synergism or antagonism of co-usage of the various feed additives is not available either. Thus, a more extensive work in this direction is required.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кормовые добавки</kwd><kwd>кормление</kwd><kwd>сорбционные свойства</kwd><kwd>рыбоводство</kwd><kwd>древесный уголь</kwd><kwd>цеолиты</kwd><kwd>гуминовые кислоты</kwd><kwd>хитозан</kwd><kwd>кремнезем</kwd><kwd>опока</kwd><kwd>рыбопродуктивность</kwd><kwd>рентабельность выращивания</kwd><kwd>гематологические показатели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>feed additives</kwd><kwd>feeding</kwd><kwd>sorption properties</kwd><kwd>fish farming</kwd><kwd>charcoal</kwd><kwd>zeolites</kwd><kwd>humic acids</kwd><kwd>chitosan</kwd><kwd>silica</kwd><kwd>opoka</kwd><kwd>fish productivity</kwd><kwd>profitability of rearing</kwd><kwd>hematological indices</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект № 23–76–10054</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the support of the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 23–76–10054.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федотов А.А., Алтухов Н.М., Жуков И.В. 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