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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpatol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная патология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4826</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2949-4826-2025-24-2-43-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">GPKBZO</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpatol-2058</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПАТОЛОГИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ, МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ, ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ И ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL PATHOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение метода определения кардиовертебрального индекса у собак и кошек при рентгенодиагностике грудной полости: обзор научной литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using the Vertebral Heart Scale Method of Measurement during X-Ray Diagnostics of Thoracic Cavity in Dogs and Cats: A Literature Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5241-8555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмаренкова</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmarenkova</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шмаренкова Юлия Сергеевна - старший преподаватель кафедры ветеринарии и физиологии животных факультета ветеринарной медицины и зоотехнии Калужского филиала РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева.</p><p>248007, Калуга, ул. Вишневского, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia S. Shmarenkova - Senior Lecturer of the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kaluga Branch of the Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A. Timiryazev.</p><p>27, Vishnevsky Str., Kaluga, 248007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1shmarenkova_11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6822-0013</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акчурин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akchurin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акчурин Сергей Владимирович - доктор ветеринарных наук, профессор кафедры ветеринарной медицины института зоотехнии и биологии РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева.</p><p>127434, Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Akchurin - Dr. Sci. (Veterinary Medicine), Professor of the Veterinary Medicine Department, Institute of Animal Science and Biology, Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after. K.A. Timiryazev.</p><p>49, Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sakchurin@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1583-9270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габедава</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabedava</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Габедава Маргарита Анатольевна - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент кафедры ветеринарии и физиологии животных факультета ветеринарной медицины и зоотехнии Калужского филиала РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева.</p><p>248007, Калуга, ул. Вишневского, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Gabedava - Cand. Sci. (Agricultural Science) Associate Professor of the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kaluga Branch of the Russian State Agrarian University —Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A. Timiryazev.</p><p>27, Vishnevsky Str., Kaluga, 248007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gabedava.margo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9119-0360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спасская</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spasskaya</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Спасская Татьяна Аркадьевна - кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры ветеринарии и физиологии животных факультета ветеринарной медицины и зоотехнии Калужского филиала РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева.</p><p>248007, Калуга, ул. Вишневского, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Spasskaya - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor of the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kaluga Branch of the Russian State Agrarian University —Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A. Timiryazev.</p><p>27, Vishnevsky Str., Kaluga, 248007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ta_spasskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0370-3987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронкова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронкова Ольга Александровна - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент кафедры ветеринарии и физиологии животных факультета ветеринарной медицины и зоотехнии Калужского филиала РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева.</p><p>248007, Калуга, ул. Вишневского, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Voronkova - Cand. Sci. (Agricultural Science), Associate Professor of the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Kaluga Branch of the Russian State Agrarian University —Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A. Timiryazev.</p><p>27, Vishnevsky Str., Kaluga, 248007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgha121267@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Калужский филиал Российского государственного аграрного университет — МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kaluga Branch of the Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A. Timiryazev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет — МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after. K.A. Timiryazev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шмаренкова Ю.С., Акчурин С.В., Габедава М.А., Спасская Т.А., Воронкова О.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шмаренкова Ю.С., Акчурин С.В., Габедава М.А., Спасская Т.А., Воронкова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shmarenkova Y.S., Akchurin S.V., Gabedava M.A., Spasskaya T.A., Voronkova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2058">https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2058</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Рентгенодиагностика является в ветеринарии одним из самых популярных и наиболее доступных методов визуальной диагностики патологий не только опорно-двигательного аппарата, но и некоторых паренхиматозных органов грудной и брюшной полостей. Выявление кардиологических патологий чаще всего начинают именно с проведения рентгенологического исследования, однако без применения специальных методик не всегда удается визуально достоверно определить наличие или отсутствие кардиомегалии у исследуемых животных. Одним из наиболее надежных способов оценки состояния сердца является метод определения кардиовертебрального индекса (VHS). Цель данного обзора — обобщение литературных данных по применению расчета кардиовертебрального индекса при рентгенодиагностике грудной полости у кошек и собак, оценка целесообразности и перспективы развития данной методики.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Поиск статей для научного обзора проводился в базах данных PubMed и eLIBRARY.RU. В поиск включались только публикации на русском и английском языках, размещенные за период с 1 января 1995 г. по 31 декабря 2024 г. Согласно критериям включения научной работы в обзор, статья должна: 1) содержать информацию о применении расчета кардиовертебрального индекса у собак или кошек, 2) иметь полнотекстовую версию. Результаты оформлены в виде блок-схемы PRISMA и таблицы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. В обзор была включена 31 статья. В работах рассматривалось следующее: определение показателей VHS у собак и кошек в норме и при патологии; требования к технике получения рентгенограмм для расчета кардиовертебрального индекса; применение технологии искусственного интеллекта для расчета кардиовертебрального индекса у собак и кошек. Значения VHS для разных пород собак структурированы в таблице с указанием года проведения исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Методика расчета кардиовертебрального индекса зарекомендовала себя, согласно имеющимся научным данным, как действующая альтернатива другим, более трудоемким и дорогостоящим методам диагностики кардиомегалий у кошек и собак. Однако необходимо помнить, что данный метод имеет свои ограничения. Дальнейшие исследования в этой области могут быть направлены на получение новых данных относительно видовых, породных, возрастных, физиологических и патологических особенностей показателя VHS у собак и кошек. Весьма перспективное направление — применение технологии искусственного интеллекта для расчета кардиовертебрального индекса у собак и кошек.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In veterinary medicine, X-ray diagnostics is one of the most popular and affordable methods of visual diagnostics of pathologies not only of the musculoskeletal system, but also of some parenchymatous organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Identification of cardiac pathologies most often begins with X-ray examination, however, the use of special techniques is sometimes required for reliable determination of the presence or absence of cardiomegaly in animals under examination. One of the most reliable methods for assessing the condition of the heart is the vertebral heart scale (VHS) method. The aim of the present review is to summarise the data available in literature sources on the use of the vertebral heart scale method during X-ray diagnostics of the feline and canine thoracic cavity, and to assess the relevance and prospects for development of this technique.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The search for the articles for the scientific review was conducted in the PubMed and eLIBRARY.RU databases. The search covered only publications in Russian and English, published between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2024. According to the criteria of including a scientific paper in a review, the article should have met the following selection criteria: 1) contain information about using the vertebral heart scale method of measurement in dogs or cats, 2) have a full-text version. The results were presented in the form of PRISMA flow chart and a table.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The review encompassed 31 articles. In the papers, the following aspects were in the focus of study: vertebral heart scale (VHS) measurements in dogs and cats in the normal and pathological condition; requirements to the technique of taking X-rays intended for vertebral heart scale measurement; the use of artificial intelligence technologies to measure the vertebral heart scale in dogs and cats. The VHS values for different dog breeds were presented in a form of a table indicating the year of the study.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusion. According to the available scientific data, the vertebral heart scale method of measurement has proved to be an efficient alternative to other more labor-consuming and expensive methods of feline and canine cardiomegaly diagnostics. However, it is necessary to remember that this method has limitations. Further research in this area could aim at obtaining new data on species-, breed-, age-specific, physiological and pathological features of VHS measurements in dogs and cats. The use of artificial intelligence technologies for measuring the vertebral heart scale in cats and dogs is a highly potential trend.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор научной литературы</kwd><kwd>рентгенодиагностика</kwd><kwd>собаки</kwd><kwd>кошки</kwd><kwd>кардиовертебральный индекс</kwd><kwd>КВИ</kwd><kwd>VHS</kwd><kwd>кардиомегалия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>literature review</kwd><kwd>X-ray diagnostics</kwd><kwd>dogs</kwd><kwd>cats</kwd><kwd>vertebral heart scale</kwd><kwd>VHS</kwd><kwd>cardiomegaly</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boissady E, De La Comble A, Zhu X, Abbott J, Adrien-Maxence H. Comparison of a Deep Learning Algorithm vs. Humans for Vertebral Heart Scale Measurements in Cats and Dogs Shows a High Degree of Agreement Among Readers. 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