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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vetpatol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная патология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4826</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Don State Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23947/2949-4826-2025-24-4-27-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vetpatol-2088</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПАТОЛОГИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ, МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ, ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ И ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL PATHOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биохимические параметры сыворотки крови у кошек с нефрокардиальным синдромом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biochemical Parameters of Blood Serum in Cats with Nephrocardial Syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5505-9075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белкин</surname><given-names>К. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belkin</surname><given-names>K. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Евгеньевич Белкин, аспирант департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p><p>117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin E. Belkin, PhD Student of the Veterinary Medicine Department of the Agrarian and Technological Institute</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklai Str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1142220009@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-3402</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ватников</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vatnikov</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Анатольевич Ватников, доктор ветеринарных наук, профессор, директор департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p><p>117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri A. Vatnikov, Dr.Sci. (Veterinary), Professor, Director of the Veterinary Medicine Department of the Agrarian and Technological Institute</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklai Str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vatnikov_yu@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-1573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сотникова</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sotnikova</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Дмитриевна Сотникова, кандидат биологических наук, доцент, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p><p>117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena D. Sotnikova, Cand.Sci.(Biology), Associate Professor of the Veterinary Medicine Department of the Agrarian and Technological Institute</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklai Str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sotnikova_ed@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-8834</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нотина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Notina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Нотина, кандидат филологических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой иностранных языков аграрно-технологического института</p><p>117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Notina, Cand.Sci.(Philology), Associate Professor, Head of the Foreign Languages Department of the Agrarian and Technological Institute</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklai Str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">notina-ea@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-6091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кротова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krotova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Кротова, кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p><p>117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Krotova, Cand.Sci. (Veterinary), Associate Professor of the Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Agrarian and Technological Institute</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklai Str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krotova-ea@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белкин К.Е., Ватников Ю.А., Сотникова Е.Д., Нотина Е.А., Кротова Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белкин К.Е., Ватников Ю.А., Сотникова Е.Д., Нотина Е.А., Кротова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belkin K.E., Vatnikov Y.A., Sotnikova E.D., Notina E.A., Krotova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2088">https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2088</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Нефрокардиальный синдром (НКС) — это комплекс взаимосвязанных нарушений, при котором хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП) приводит к развитию вторичной миокардиальной дисфункции и структурному ремоделированию сердца. ХБП является одним из наиболее распространенных патологических состояний у кошек старшего возраста, и хотя случаи развития у кошек нефрокардиального синдрома описаны в литературе, его точные патофизиологические механизмы остаются не до конца изученными. В частности, недостаточно научных данных, касающихся роли системного воспаления, нарушений белкового и энергетического обмена в патогенезе и прогрессировании НКС. Целью настоящего исследования явилось комплексное изучение биохимических параметров сыворотки крови у кошек с нефрокардиальным синдромом для выявления специфических паттернов нарушений и разработки усовершенствованных методов диагностики и терапии. Материалы и методы. В ходе ретроспективного анализа изучены 82 истории болезни кошек, поступивших на лечение в московские ветеринарные клиники за период с 2021 по 2025 гг. Было сформировано две опытные группы животных (37 кошек с НКС; 23 кошки с ХБП без кардиальных осложнений) и одна контрольная (22 здоровые кошки). Методы исследования включали биохимический анализ сыворотки крови (общий белок, фракции альбуминов/глобулинов, С-реактивный белок, маркеры азотемии и кетонемии), а также инструментальные методы (эхокардиография, ЭКГ).Результаты исследования. У кошек с НКС выявлена выраженная диспротеинемия: гипоальбуминемия (28,1±0,5 г/л против 34,2±0,6 г/л в контроле), гиперглобулинемия (42,6±1,4 г/л), значительное снижение альбумин-глобулинового коэффициента (0,69±0,03 против 1,02±0,07 в контроле). Уровень С-реактивного белка у животных с НКС превышал показатели как здоровых кошек (164,1±5,6 г/л против 82,9±1,4 г/л), так и группы с ХБП без кардиальных осложнений (128,5±3,2 г/л), что подтверждает наличие системного воспаления. Параметры азотемии (мочевина, креатинин, СДМА) не имели значимых различий между группами с ХБП и НКС, но были повышены относительно контроля.Обсуждение и заключение. Обнаружен усиленный кетогенез у кошек с обеими патологиями, вероятно, связанный с уремической интоксикацией и катаболическими процессами. НКС у кошек характеризуется выраженным системным воспалением, нарушением белкового обмена и метаболическими сдвигами. Полученные результаты подчёркивают важность интеграции оценки воспалительных и метаболических маркеров в диагностику НКС, а также необходимость дальнейших исследований для установления причинно-следственных связей в рамках нефрокардиального континуума.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Nephrocardial syndrome (NCS) is a complex of interrelated disorders, which includes chronic kidney disease (CKD) resulting in development of secondary myocardial dysfunction and structural cardiac remodeling. CKD is one of the most common pathologies in older cats. Although cases of nephrocardial syndrome in cats have been described in the literature, its precise pathophysiological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Particularly insufficient are the scientific data regarding the role of systemic inflammation and protein and energy metabolism disorders related to NCS pathogenesis and progression. The aim of the study is to investigate the biochemical parameters of blood serum in cats with nephrocardial syndrome for identifying the specific patterns of disorders and developing the improved diagnostic and therapeutic techniques.Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 82 medical records of cats admitted to the Moscow veterinary clinics in the period of 2021 — 2025 was conducted. Two experimental groups of animals were formed (37 cats with NCS; 23 cats with CKD without cardiac complications) and one control group (22 healthy cats). Research methods included serum biochemistry (total protein, albumin/globulin fractions, C-reactive protein, azotemia and ketonemia markers), as well as instrumental methods (echocardiography, ECG).Results. In cats with NCS, pronounced dysproteinemia was revealed: hypoalbuminemia (28.1±0.5 g/l versus 34.2±0.6 g/l in the control group), hyperglobulinemia (42.6±1.4 g/l), a significant decrease in the albumin to globulin ratio (0.69±0.03 versus 1.02±0.07 in the control group). The level of C-reactive protein in animals with NCS exceeded the values of both healthy cats (164.1±5.6 g/l versus 82.9±1.4 g/l) and the cats from the group with CKD without cardiac complications (128.5±3.2 g/l), which confirms the presence of systemic inflammation. Azotemia parameters (urea, creatinine, SDMA) did not significantly differ in groups with CKD and NCS, but were higher, compared to the control group.Discussion and Conclusion. The increased ketogenesis was detected in cats with both pathologies, which is likely due to uremic intoxication and catabolic processes. NCS in cats is characterized by pronounced systemic inflammation, impaired protein metabolism, and metabolic shifts. The obtained results emphasize the importance of integrating inflammatory and metabolic markers interpretation into the diagnostics of NCS, as well as the need for further research to establish the cause-and-effect relationships within the nephrocardial continuum.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нефрокардиальный синдром</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>биохимические параметры</kwd><kwd>вторичная кардиомиопатия</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>кошки</kwd><kwd>хроническая почечная недостаточность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nephrocardial syndrome</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>biochemical parameters</kwd><kwd>secondary cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>cats</kwd><kwd>сhronic kidney disease</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-26-00090, https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-00090/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was conducted at the expense of the grant No. 24-26-00090 of the Russian Science Foundation, https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-00090/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conroy M, Brodbelt DC, O’Neill D, Chang YM, Elliott J. 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