vetpatolВетеринарная патологияRussian Journal of Veterinary Pathology2949-4826Don State Technical University10.23947/2949-4826-2025-24-4-74-89vetpatol-2093Research ArticleЧастная зоотехния, кормление, технологии приготовления кормов и производства продукции животноводстваZootechnics, feeding, technologies of feed preparation and livestock products productionОсновные принципы и практические рекомендации по правильному кормлению ословBasic Principles and Practical Instructions for Proper Feeding of DonkeysМатеевичН.MatejevićN.

Ненад Матеевич, магистр, аспирант факультета ветеринарии

Студенческий проезд, 1, Белград, 11000 Белград

Nenad Matejević, MSc, PhD Student Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

1, Student Drive-way, Belgrade, 11000

nenad.matejevic@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1290-6753УрошевичМ.UroševićM.

Миливойе Урошевич, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, член Академии ветеринарной медицины — Сербского ветеринарного общества, директор по научной работе

ул. Веры Димитриевич, 9, Земун, Белград, 11186

Milivoje Urošević, Dr.Sci. (Agriculture), Full Research Professor, Member of the Veterinary Medicine Academy – Serbian Veterinary Society, Research Director

9, Vera Dimitrijevic Str., Zemun, Belgrade, 11186

Белградский университетСербияUniversity of BelgradeSerbiaЦентр сохранения аборигенных породРоссияCenter for Preservation of Indigenous BreedsRussian Federation2025190120262447489Copyright © Матеевич Н., Урошевич М., 20252025Матеевич Н., Урошевич М.Matejević N., Urošević M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vetpat.ru/jour/article/view/2093

В статье рассматриваются пищевые потребности ослов, особое внимание уделяется их потребностям в воде, энергии, белках, минералах и витаминах. Организм ослов, которые являются рабочими животными родом из засушливых регионов, прошел ряд физиологических адаптаций, влияющих на их пищевые потребности. Цель статьи — провести обзор и представить научно обоснованную информацию о пищевых потребностях, питательных веществах и рекомендациях по кормлению ослов, основываясь на современных мировых исследованиях. В статье показаны потребности в воде, энергии, белках, минералах и витаминах, а также методы оценки усвоения и наличия корма. Особое внимание уделяется изменениям потребностей в зависимости от физиологического состояния (взросление, беременность, лактация), интенсивности работы и качества имеющегося корма. Также обоснована важность усвоения корма и правильного питания, отвечающего всем пищевым потребностям. Подчеркнута необходимость оптимального баланса между грубым и концентрированным кормом, а также потенциальная опасность неоптимально подобранных добавок. На основе имеющейся литературы и полевых наблюдений даны практические указания по правильному кормлению ослов в различных условиях разведения с целью сохранения их работоспособности, здоровья и долголетия.

This paper presents the nutritional requirements of donkeys, with a special focus on the needs for water, energy, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Donkeys, as working animals originating from arid regions, have specific physiological adaptations that affect their nutritional needs. The aim of this paper is to review and present scientifically based information on nutritional requirements, nutrients and recommendations for feeding donkeys based on current research in the world. The paper shows the needs for water, energy, proteins, minerals and vitamins, as well as methods of assessing food digestibility and availability. Special attention is paid to the variations in needs depending on the physiological state (growth, pregnancy, lactation), the intensity of work and the quality of available food. The importance of food digestibility and correctness of meal that meets all nutritional needs are also presented. The need for an adequate balance between rough and concentrated feed, as well as the potential danger of inadequate supplementation, are emphasized. Based on the available literature and field observations, practical instructions are given for proper feeding of donkeys in different breeding conditions, with the aim of preserving their working capacity, health and longevity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.