The review described the relationship between the mineral water composition and the development in small domestic animal’s urolithiasis. The mandatory of sufcient drinking water’s use is mentioned in recommendations for the treatment of urolithiasis in pets, but the mineral composition of the water is not mentioned. At the same time, the mineral composition of water plays a prominent role both in the formation of kidney stones and in preventing the development of this pathology. Te increased content of calcium, magnesium and chlorine ions in drinking water leads to the occurrence of urolithiasis. Terefore, water should have an optimal mineral composition for the treatment and prevention of urolithiasis in domestic animals. In case of oxalates, low-mineralized water with slightly alkaline reactions and a content of predominantly magnesium salts, rather than calcium, is useful. At phosphate stones, on the contrary, water with an acidic reaction is better suited. She should not contain phosphorus, but a lot of tungsten, iron and silicon. Water from centralized water supply systems cannot be used for animal watering.