MASS MEDICAL EXAMINATION IN CAMELS: METHOD AND OUTCOMES

Mass medical examination of camels kept at the 2nd Site of the Center for Rare Animals of European Steppes under the Live Nature of Steppe Association in Orlovsky District of Rostov Oblast, and at Son’n Ltd in Yashkulsky District of the Republic of Kalmykia allowed analyzing breeding characteristics, housing and feeding technology, a veterinary examination and clinical tests were performed, along with laboratory tests of blood, urine, milk, and paunch manure in camels. Clinical, hematological, and biochemical characteristics were varying insignificantly within physiological norm, and this variation was taken as the basis for dividing into groups by sex and age. Soils were found having low calcium content - 0.007 - 0.2 % in Rostov Oblast, and 0.13 - 0.38 % in the Republic of Kalmykia; the water content of calcium was 23 mg/l in Rostov Oblast and 22.6 mg/l in the Republic of Kalmykia; thus overall daily deficiency in food was 63.75 g/animal in Rostov Oblast and 59.83 g/animal in the Republic of Kalmykia, and in the test animals in Rostov Oblast: 2.69±0.04 mmol/l in burs; 2.78±0.03 mmol/l in suckling camel dams; 2.79±0.03 mmol/l in vacant female camels; 2.68±0.04 mmol/l in young males and 2.67±0.03 mmol/l in young females; 2.64±0.03 mmol/l in suckling colts; in the Republic of Kamlykia: in burs up to 2.41±0.06 mmol/l and 2.48±0.06 mmol/l in suckling camel dams; 2.50±0.04 mmol/l in vacant female camels; 2.40±0.05 mmol/l in young males; 2.43±0.05 mmol/l in young females; 2.38±0.06 mmol/l in suckling colts; at the same time phosphorus blood content was relatively normal in camels in Rostov Oblast: 1.59±0.07mmol/l in burs; 1.72±0.05 mmol/l in suckling female dams; 1.73±0.03 mmol/l in vacant female camels; 1.61±0.06 mmol/l in young male camels and 1.63±0.06 mmol/l in young female camels; 1.63±0.07 mmol/l in suckling colts; in the Republic of Kalmykia: in burs 1.87±0.08 mmol/l; 1.92±0.09 mmol/l in suckling female dams; 1.96±0.08 mmol/l in vacant female camels; 1.91±0.07 mmol/l in young males; 1.96±0.05 mmol/l in young females; 1.93±0.08 mmol/l in suckling colts; these figures illustrate mineral metabolism disorder in camels and necessity of preventive actions. Physical and chemical characteristics of milk lead to conclusion that camel milk has higher nutrient value than the cow one. Examination of paunch manure in camels demonstrated normal pH, quantitative and qualitative composition, and enzymatic activity, thus suggesting good work of digestive system

верблюды, диспансеризация, содержание кальция, молоко верблюдиц, рубцовое содержимое

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