DYCTIOCAULOSIS PATHOLOGY IN ELK’S LUNGS

Helminthiases are caused by a variety of parasites with different localization in the animal organism: stomach, brain, lungs, etc. Dyctiocaulosis is a disease caused among wild ruminants by different species of lung geohelminthes of Dictyocaulidae family, Nematoda class, which have no intermediate host. When in the animal body, larvae of Dyctiocaulus affects mucous coat of small intestine, lymph nodes, lymph and blood vessels, and most important, walls of lung alveoli, small and medium size bronchi, thus promoting development of the secondary microflora and therefore, development of inflammatory and necrotic processes. Postmortem examination of elk lungs consisting of visual surface inspection, palpation, and parenchyma dissection was performed during scientific culling of elk in the Scientific and Experimental Farm under the Kirov Oblast Institute. The lungs were diagnosed with Dyctiocaulus larvae infestation. Postmortem examination of the elk lungs showed that pulmonary pleuron was smooth, glossy, without thickening, and translucent. Volume of the upper, cardial, and diaphragmal lobes remained unchanged. Multiple granulomas, acute aulas, and spotted haemorrages were found mostly in caudal lobes adjacent to diaphragm. Lung interstitial tissue is thickened in such places due to spotted overgrowth. Microscopy of the affected lung tissue showed that alveoli and bronchiole walls were thickened because of hyperplasia of cell elements: an increased number of lymphoid cells and eosinophil, as well as scattered neutrophiles and histiocyte. A part of alveoli was squeezed because of new connective tissue overgrowth. Some alveoli were under compensatory vesicular emphysema state. Dyctiocaulus larvae were found in small and medium size bronchi openings; cellular hyperplasia, eosinophilia, signs of catarrhal bronchitis were also present.

паразитозы диких животных, лось, диктиокаулез, легкие, гранулёмы, гиперплазия, альвеолярная эмфизема

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