Biological material for analysis was collected during the accounting trawl surveys along the Sea of Azov in June and October 2018. The sampling dates corresponded to the postspawning period and the end of the feeding period. The amount of total protein, albumin and globulins, cholesterol and triglycerides in blood serum was determined. A rather high heterogeneity of individuals was noted. In this regard, the intervals of optimal values of the content of the studied parameters were determined. In the postspawning period after significant energy expenditures for oocyte maturation and spawning, the content of the studied components of the blood serum was low. At the end of feeding, the content of protein and triglycerides increased more than doubles, and the cholesterol content, on the contrary, slightly decreased.The increase in protein occurs mainly due to albumin, which is subsequently spent in large quantities on the maturation of gonads. The low content of globulins in the protein fraction indicates their insuficient synthesis and a decrease in the protective adaptations of the fish organism in the spawning period. By the end of feeding, the processes of protein growth in intensity decrease slightly, yielding to the processes of fat accumulation, as evidenced by an increase of more than three times the fat content in muscle tissue. The shown difierence in the content of the studied parameters in thounder from other fish species is due to the difference in the food supply of thounder and metabolic rate, but in general, the results are consistent with physiological norms for fish.

The purpose of the research is to monitor the rabies status in the territory of the Russian Federation. The widespread spread of rabies and an unfavorable epizootic situation in most regions of the Russian Federation are one of the key problems of veterinary control. The emergence of new foci of rabies is recorded annually in different species of wild and farm animals, and in humans. Moreover, the number of infected individuals is large not only among wild, but also among domestic animals.The article analyzes information on the dynamics of the spread of rabies infection in the Russian Federation and the current number of registered foci of rabies. A detailed study of the epizootic situation in allows more effective planning of antiepizootic measures and the implementation of campaigns to eliminate rabies

The purpose of the work is to determine the sensitivity criteria of a new methodological approach to the quantitative content of glycogen concentration in Trichinella larvae. In the laboratory, the natural Trichinella isolate was persisted on white rats by infecting animals (n=3). After animal euthanasia, Trichinella larvae were isolated by artificial digestion. The calculation of trichinella in a drop of suspension was carried out in a Mogilev - Kotelnikov chamber or in a watch glass in three studied samples of each experiment. The number of counted Trichinella larvae per drop was 1-10,000 specimens. The optical density values on the MKMF-02 device were determined in a cuvette with an optical path length of 5 mm at a wavelength of 425 nm. As a result of the work carried out, in some drops of the investigated suspension, the readings of the meter were positive. The average optical density was 0.064 and 0.6 with a content of 1000 to 10000 instances of larvae. The glycogen content, calculated per Trichinella larva, was 0.046 mcg

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the drug “Iversan” in nematodoses of the gastrointestinal tract of horses. three groups of animals were formed in the horse club “Prime-Horse” in the Lomonosov district of the Leningrad Region. Three groups were formed (two experimental and one control) from animals in which helminth eggs of the Strongylida, Parascarisеquorum, Oxyurisequi and larvae of the Delafondia, Alfortia, Strongylus, Trichonema, Strongyloides were found. Animals from group 1 were given Iversan at a dose of 1 ml/200 kg of animal weight (200 microgram ivermectin/1 kg) individually, orally with water from a syringe along the toothless edge on the tongue root. The horses in group 2 were given a preparation with food at the rate of 1 ml of the preparation/200 kg. The horses of the control group 3 were not given the Iversan. After 5 and 10 days after giving the drug, coprological studies were performed. In horses of the experimental groups, eggs and larvae of nematodes of the gastrointestinal tract were not isolated. In feces samples of horses in the control group who did not receive therapy, an increase in the intensity of invasion was observed. It was found that the drug “Iversan”, containing in 1.0 ml 40.0 mg of ivermectin, used orally, once has a pronounced therapeutic effect in nematodoses of horses

Ticks of the family Ixodidae are blood-sucking ectoparasites, they carry and accumulate many infections that are dangerous for all species of mammals. Particularly sensitive damage is caused to agriculture and animal husbandry during the peak activity of ticks, which occur in spring and autumn in the central region of the Russian Federation. Outbreaks of diseases of small domestic and farm animals: anaplasmosis, nuttalliosis, babesiosis, pyroplasmosis, etc. are recorded all over the world annually. Borreliosis (Lyme disease), tickborne encephalitis virus, etc. are especially common among people. Without timely preventive work and treatment, animals die. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that arthropods, including ixodid ticks, are able to develop resistance to various active substances after a while, and the effectiveness of preventive treatments is reduced. Therefore, the development and implementation of new acaricidal drugs is very relevant. The article presents the results of laboratory tests of the drug in the form of a polymer material based on sphenvalerate and piperonyl butoxide and a solution based on cythuthrin against ixodid ticks of the species Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus, collected in natural biotopes of the Kaluga region. As a result of laboratory tests of acaricides, positive results were obtained on the acaricidal activity of drugs. Participation in the experiment of natural ixodid ticks collected in the Kaluga region indicates the effectiveness of the drug on ticks living in nearest areas, taking into account the biological and environmental characteristics of ixodid ticks and the possibility of active implementation in practice for preventive purposes

The article presents a biochemical assessment of blood serum indices in dogs pyroplasmosis. The object of the study was dogs of different sexes, ages and breeds. We analyzed the registration data of sick animals, as well as the results of laboratory tests. Among dog breeds, pyroplasmosis is most othen recorded in outbred dogs and Pekingese. Bitches are more dificult to tolerate this disease than males. For biochemical analyzes of blood serum, a StatFax 1904 analyzer was used. In serum, the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total and direct bilirubin, creatinine, urea, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, calcium and phosphorus were determined. Important biochemical indicators of blood serum in the diagnosis of pyroplasmosis are aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total and direct bilirubin, creatinine, urea. The concentration of total protein in dogs under the age of 2 years is reduced, and calcium, phosphorus are within normal limits

In the biological industry, cultures of human and animal cells are used, on the basis of which there receive means of protection and prevention of various diseases. Moreover, the drugs themselves can be potential sources of infection for living biosystems. During cell cultivation, nutrient media are used, the obligatory component of which are animal blood serum. The disadvantages of sera include the inconstancy of their composition, due to the age of the animals, their feeding and time of year of receipt of serum. It is a generally recognized fact that sera may are contaminated with various microorganisms with which they contaminate cell cultures, and, consequently, the final product obtained on their basis. It is generally accepted that the most effective way of serum decontamination is micro- and ultrafiltration. But they are not obstacle for viruses, mycoplasmas, nanobacteria, and others. We have developed a method for purifying blood serum using an aqueous extract of shungite containing lanthanides. The purification mechanism is due to the fact that highly reactive lanthanide cations interact with structures containing a nucleic component. The selective interaction of lanthanides is accompanied by the formation of complexes with the inclusion of structures containing DNA or RNA, which are then easily removed by separation or microfiltration

Pathogenetically adequate therapy for hepatorenal system disorders in cats with urolithiasis should have a well-adjusted correction algorithm taking into account the nature of metabolic disorders and oxidative changes in the diseased animal organism and be based on the use of etiotropic therapy, hepatoprotectors against the background of symptomatic therapy using dietary therapy. As a result of our studies, we proved the high therapeutic efficacy of the developed complex scheme for pharmacocorrection of hepatorenal system disorders in cats with tripelphosphateurolithiasis, using convention, urolex, D-mannose, cranberry extract and heptral against the background of diet therapy. Based on the morphological and biochemical studies of blood, the data of the urological status and ultrasonographic parameters, it was found that the pharmacological correction scheme has a pronounced reparative effect and helps optimize the functions of the hepatorenal system, which was manifested by an increase in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin, a decrease in the number of leukocytes, optimization of the electrolyte composition of blood, normalization indicators of carbohydrate and protein metabolism, a decrease in urea content to 8.3 ± 1,0 mmol / l and creatinine - up to 141,9 ± 2.2 μmol / l, in animals of the experimental group, as well as a decrease in the level of liver enzymes and optimization of indicators of urological status. On the 30th day of the experiment, normalization of the bladder and kidney echograms was observed in the cats of the experimental group. Moreover, the dynamics of clinical changes in animals of the control group was characterized by a gradual weakening of signs of disorders of the hepatorenal system, starting from the 15th day of therapy, recovery occurred on the 30th day from the beginning of the course of pharmacocorrection, while in the control group the improvement was noted only on the 20th day, and recovery occurred only on the 45th day

The article presents an analysis of the problem of iodine deficiency conditions and the results of long-term clinical observations. The main clinical forms of lesions in iodine deficiency of cows were determined: growth of mane on the neck (8.1-11.8 %), growth of bangs on the head (2.9-10.6 %), alopecia (22.9-74.1 %), arthritis (23.3-52.9 %), hepatosis (24.4-52.9 %). With clinically pronounced iodine deficiency, cows and calves develop a cascade of pathobiochemical processes proceeding as metabolic acidosis with impaired energy, protein, mineral metabolism, with liver damage and articular pathology. All this indicates that the state of iodine deficiency in cows is a common phenomenon and an economically significant problem for industrial dairy farming

The aim of the research was to study the features of the postembryonic development of the glandular stomach of Ross-308 chickens grown in the conditions of Fregat-Ug LLC in the Volgograd Region. The glandular stomach was taken from the chickens. Organs were fixed in 10 % formalin (according to Lilly). For histological examination, slices of 1x1x0.5 cm in size were cut out in the same places. In day-old chickens, the thickness of the mucous membrane of the glandular stomach was 361.2 ± 3.42 μm and continued to increase by 5 days to 386.7 ± 5.71 μm, which is 25.5 μm more than in day-old chickens. On 6 and 7 days, cell growth slowed down. By 10 days, the thickness of the mucous membrane of the glandular stomach increased by 13.2 μm and amounted to 399.9 ± 4.33 μm. On the 15th day, the mucous membrane thickness was 404.0 ± 3.22 μm, which is 4.1 μm more than in the previous age. The mucous membrane thickness in 20-day-old broiler chickens was 426.73 ± 2.64 μm, on the 25th day it increased by 6.40 μm and amounted to 433.13 ± 1.85 μm. At the age of 27 and 28 days, there is a pause in the growth of the mucous membrane of the glandular stomach. From the 29th day there was a sharp jump in the growth of mucosal epithelial cells. By 30 days, the mucous membrane thickness was 447.21 ± 2.36 μm, which is 14.08 μm more than in 25-day-old broiler chickens. Until the end of the period of growing chickens, a gradual increase in the thickness of the mucous membrane was observed, which by the 38th day increased by 182.67 microns and amounted to 615.8 ± 3.88 microns.

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of hypokinesia on the metabolic status of white rats. The estimation of indicators of fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism and body weight dynamics during 45 days of modeling of hypokinesia. The experiment was carried out in a vivarium of the All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and therapy on conventional clinically healthy sexually mature white Wistar male rats weighing 180-200 g (60 animals). For the experiment, 2 groups of animals were formed. The rats of the first group (n = 30) were kept under conditions of hypokinesia and received the drug aminoseleton by subcutaneous administration at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg body weight. Rats of the second group (control, n = 30) were kept under the same conditions, instead of aminoseleton they were injected with sterile saline. Blood sampling for biochemical studies and determination of body weight of experimental animals were carried out before the experiment (background values), then on the 5th, 15th, 25th, 35th and 45th days. Studies have shown that a decrease in motor activity has led to significant changes in protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism.At the same time, lipolytic decomposition of fats was activated, and the content of total lipids in the blood serum increased. Experimental modeling of hypokinesia in white rats led to a decrease in the amount of total protein, an increase in urea, glucose, pyruvic acid and serum lactate dehydrogenase activity. Assessment of the dynamics of changes in rats body mass under hypokinesia showed a steady tendency to decrease. In rats that were injected with aminoseletone, all changes were less pronounced relative to those in the group without pharmacocorrection

The aim of the article was to study and evaluate the immunogenicity of the vaccine against colibacteriosis, streptococcosis and enterococcal infection in experiments on pregnant cows and newborn calves. The biological preparation included pure cell cultures of epizootic Escherichia coli strains producing thermolabile, thermostable toxins and shigalike toxins (verotoxins) and culture media containing cells of the hemolytic strains of Streptococcus bovis and Enterococcus faecalis. Pregnant cows were immunized twice in various doses in order to determine the optimal amount of preparation. An OKZ vaccine was used as a positive control. Ather vaccinations, blood serum was taken from pregnant animals, newborn calves, and colostrum was examined for the presence and amount of specific antibodies. Research results have shown the high immunogenicity of the new vaccine. The use of a double vaccination with a dosage of 5 and 10 cm3 with an interval of 10 days 30 days before delivery was the most optimal. The level of antibodies increased ather each administration of the drug (1: 89.6 ather the first vaccination, 1: 128 - ather the second one), reaching its maximum in colostrum ather calving (1:170.6). The OKZ vaccine showed lower immunogenicity results compared with the test product. In calves, on the 3rd day ather birth, the antibody titer was in the range 1: 24.8-1: 60.4. Thus, the vaccine against colibacteriosis, streptococcosis and enterococcal infection when used in pregnant cows has a high immunogenic activity against the most common pathogens of acute intestinal calves infections

IThe collection of allometric data, in particular, the study of the timing of the development of the dental system in chimpanzees, gives an idea of the rate and nature of the growth of wild animals and is of great importance for understanding postnatal ontogenesis in great primates in general. Eight chimpanzee infants were observed from birth to one year. Apes were born in the Rostov-on-Don Zoo, four of them (three females and a male) grew up with their mothers, four ones (two females and two males) were in artificial feeding. The age of tooth eruption was fixed and the chimpanzees were weighed monthly. As a result of the study, the age of deciduous teeth eruption was determined. Also it was found that a formation of primary dentition begins on average in 88 day old (lim 75-120 days) and ends in 323 day old (lim 240-360 days). The sequence of deciduous teeth eruption i1-i1-i2-i2-m1-m1-m2-m2-c1-c1 was also established in chimpanzees. Also the ratio between the animal weight, age and teeth eruption time was showed. We found out that artificial feeding insignificantly delayed the primary dentition formation, although these infants increase weight faster than the chimpanzees growing up with their mother