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Russian Journal of Veterinary Pathology

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No 4 (2006)
12-18 30
Abstract
The FMD global epidemic situation as well as measures for the disease prevention and control are demonstrated.
Measures taken for the realization of the CIS-countries combined action Programme for the FMD
prevention and control within the Commonwealth are described. The main activities are listed which are to
be included in the Programme for the period of 2006-2008.
18-27 31
Abstract
In the paper current approaches to risk assessment of possible introduction of FMD virus to the Russian
territory are described. That method is based on geographic information systems, databases on FMD
epidemiology and up-to-date computer modeling of an epidemic process. The results of the conducted
studies are shown taking as an example the risk assessment of emergency occurrence connected with FMD
outbreaks on the territory of the Far East Federal District.
27-31 45
Abstract
A reliable combination of methods for detection of FMD virus antigen and its identification was developed.
It is recommended to carry out seromonitoring in zones under threat and during FMD eradication campaigns
using a liquid-phase blocking ELISA for the detection of virus specific antibodies and further differentiation
between post-infectious and post-vaccinal antibodies by 3ABC-ELISA.
31-34 37
Abstract
In the paper the results of examinations of pathological samples received from FMD type Asia-1 outbreaks
during 2005-2006 are shown. The samples were examined for FMD virus specific antigen and for presence
of antibodies in blood sera. From the pathological samples the virus was isolated using cell cultures, and the
recovered virus isolates were examined for reproducibility in different cell lines used in virology.
34-37 40
Abstract
Antigenic relatedness of FMD Asia-1 virus strain Amursky/2005 (№ 1987) isolated on the territory of the
Russian Federation in 2005 was studied. The study was conducted using complement-fixation test, microneutralisation
test and ELISA. Antigenic difference of the strain under study from the home and foreign
vaccine strain Asia-1/Shamir3/89 was shown.
37-39 62
Abstract
The pH dynamics during the maturation of slaughter products from FMDV experimentally infected swine
was examined. The effectiveness of FMDV detection in swine tissues and organs using PCR and virus
isolation in a cell culture was demonstrated.
39-42 51
Abstract
The optimal concentration of aluminum hydroxide for the absorption of the FMD cultural virus was
investigated. Concentrated antigens prepared by the sorption-elution method using the eluting polyacrylic
acid solution are suitable for the immunogenic FMD vaccines.
43-46 48
Abstract
The influence of the polyhex-methylen-aminoethanamidine used for the purification of the FMD Asia-1
Iran 58/99 virus reproduced in the suspended BHK-21/2-17 cell culture was investigated. Its impact on the
virus infectivity, on the number of immunogenic components (146S+75S), on the immunogenicity of the purified
and inactivated virus in the composition of the sorbated vaccine as well as on its stability during storage
was also examined.
46-48 51
Abstract
In the paper the stadz of an early immune response in pigs and cattle on day 3 after vaccination with sorbated
FMD Asia-1 Iran 58/99 vaccine containing different adjuvants (saponin, polyacrylic acid, Montanide
ISA-206) is described. Vaccines with additional adjuvants were suggested for control of primary FMD outbreaks
as they were capable of inducing immunity sufficient for protection of animals on the third and
fourth day after infection.
48-51 38
Abstract
The trivalent sorbated FMD vaccine efficiency was examined in the FMD Asia-1 Iran 58/99 challenge experiments
conducted in cattle and guinea-pigs. The data on the vaccine efficiency at storage was demonstrated.
The vaccine field application effectiveness was tested during the FMD Type Asia-1 outbreaks in the
Primorsk Krai in 2005.
51-55 50
Abstract
The information about the creative development of Vladislav Petrovich Onufriyev, corresponding member
of the VASHNIL, RASHN and UAAN, honoured representative of science and technology of the Ukraine,
Doctor of Biology, professor, veteran of the Great Patriotic War, director of the All-Union Foot-and-Mouth
Disease Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR for 18 years (1963-1981), who has
made a great contribution into the establishment and development of the Institute, management and coordination
of FMD researches, elaboration of a complex of measures aimed at control and eradication of
FMD epidemics in the USSR, is presented in the paper.
56-60 48
Abstract
PCR with subsequent genetic analysis of H5 and N1 gene fragment nucleotide sequences showed that the
examined isolate had the structure of the PQGRERRRKKR* cleavage site characteristic of highly pathogenic
avian influenza viruses and belonged to genetic group of South-Eastern Asia influenza viruses.
60-63 34
Abstract
Field isolate of avian influenza (AI) virus has been recovered from the pathological material from a domestic
duck, obtained from the outbreak in the Novosibirsk Oblast in 2005. After the 1st passage on SPF chicken
embryos, extraembryo fluid activity in hemagglutination test was 1:256, and in hemagglutination inhibition
test this fluid reacted only with the specific serum against AI virus subtype H5. Embryos died after 48 hours
post inoculation. Intravenous pathogenicity index was 2.87, it proved that the virus was highly pathogenic.
Thus, as a result of the examinations, biological properties of the recovered AI virus isolate were determined,
and this isolate was identified as an etiological agent of the disease outbreak in this region.
63-67 38
Abstract
Specific antibodies to highly virulent avian influenza virus type A subtype H5 were detected in blood sera
from wild waterfowl by serological tests during a complex study, while in blood sera from chickens non-vaccinated
against avian influenza antibodies to that subtype were not detected. After immunization of poultry
with inactivated H5N1 avian influenza vaccine specific antibodies were detected on day 28-35 using hemagglutination
inhibition test at titres not less than 7 log2.
67-71 48
Abstract
The technique of avian influenza virus isolation from samples of pathological material in the MDCK(Madin
Darby canine cidney) cell culture was developed. The nineteen suspensions of organs were investigated.
At the analysis of results obtained after virus isolation in MDCK cell culture and embryonated eggs a high
scale of correlation was observed, the data also were agreed with the results of PCR and obtained by influenza
type A antigen test kit. Forty passages of avian influenza virus isolate were carried out in the MDCK
cell culture.
72-75 75
Abstract
The study demonstrates the possibility of bovine blood serum quantity reduction in the procedure of
obtaining biologically active virus for preparation of rinderpest vaccines and diagnostica. The developed
procedure covers maintaining and scaling of passaged porcine embryo kidney cell line 17/91 in semisynthetic
nutrient wall medium with 10% bovine blood serum, and cultivation of rinderpest virus vaccine strain
K37/70 in semisynthetic nutrient wall medium with 2% bovine blood serum in prepared porcine embryo
kidney cell culture 17/91.
76-78 43
Abstract
The recombinant nucleocapsid protein of the paste des petitis ruminants virus was obtained. On the basis of
the recombinant antigen the indirect ELISA was developed for the detection of the antibodies against the
virus of peste des petits ruminants. Using the developed technique the blood sera collected from small ruminants
in various regions of Russia were investigated.
78-81 61
Abstract
The paper demonstrates the data obtained from the studies of sheep pox and goat pox virus reproduction
during their cultivation in the following passaged cultures: BHK-21, goat gonad (Ch-91) and its production
Ch tropho-variant obtained in the FGI ARRIAH. The reference, roller and suspension techniques were
used. All cultures used in the studies are suitable for sheep pox and goat pox virus cultivation. The most expressed
virus accumulation was registered in the Ch-19 and Ch cell cultures using roller cultivation technique.
81-84 41
Abstract
Changes in blood system after the infection with Primorsky 2003 strain, which is a virulent strain of goat
pox virus, are of nonspecific inflammatory character in the presence of hyperpermeability of reticuloendothelial
barrier of hemopoiesis organs. These changes increase with the development of hypoxia and tissue
reaction to the virus cytopathogenic effect. The disease is accompanied by the active antibody response that,
however, confers no protection from the clinical disease development and animal death.
84-88 115
Abstract
The article specifies the role of coronavirus in the etiology of such diseases as neonatal calf diarrhea, respiratory
pathology in young cattle and winter dysentery in adult cattle. The reasons for the increase in the
number of bovine winter dysentery outbreaks and for the expansion of the disease propagation area are explained.
89-95 59
Abstract
The PRRS was and still remains a burning problem for the most countries of the world including Russia.
Within the last 5 years more than 30 countries are affected with the disease every year. One of the most important
disease control measures remains the preventive vaccination which increasingly covers the swine
population.
95-100 50
Abstract
The data on comparative studies of the immunobiogical properties of the BD and KPR-96 PRRSV
strains are demonstrated. The obtained results indicate their difference in cultural characteristics, virulence
degree for the susceptible animals and in the antibody level against different PRRSV genotypes.
100-103 38
Abstract
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus detection assay using polymerase chain reaction was developed.
The method allows to differentiate porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus from porcine
respiratory coronavirus by the length of the amplified fragment.
103-106 39
Abstract
A simple and sensitive ELISA for detection of antibody to Aujeszky`s disease virus in porcine sera was developed.
An inactivated concentrated cultural Aujezky`s disease virus («Arsky» strain), that was previously
treated by the NP-40 detergent, was used as an antigen. The results of comparative testing of porcine sera
using the suggested ELISA, microneutralization test and commercial CHEKIT-Aujeszky test-kit (Bommeli-
IDEXX) are presented in the paper. The relative specificity and sensitivity of the developed assay were
determined. The developed test-system was used for screening studies of the immune status of pigs on different
pig farms of the Russian Federation.
107-108 39
Abstract
The experiments aimed at abtaining of the whole Aujesky Disease virus strain BK on the BHK-21 cell
line were carried out.
The optimal time periods for the virus cultivation were defined. They constituted 70 hours with the highest
content of the whole viral particles (108.5 particles/cm3). The collected material can be used for the formulation
of diagnostic and vaccine preparations against the disease.
109-113 57
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae recombinant p65 protein was prepared by expression in E. coli. Indirect enzyme
immunoassay has been developed on the basis of recombinant antigen, for the detection of antibodies
to M. hyopneumoniae in porcine blood sera. Very good consistency (k=0.97) has been established between
the developed test-system and commercial test kit Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Antibody Test Kit
(IDEXX, USA).
113-115 41
Abstract
The Pasturella multocida isolates classification by sero-variants as compared to the reference strains was
carried out. The results of the investigation are shown. The unilateral and bilateral relatedness was estimated
according to the formula derived by Archetti and Horsfall. Three investigated P. multicida isolates were
classified as D3 sero-variant according to the somatic antigen, one was determined as sero-variant B6, one
was classified as sero-variant A1, one was identified as sero-variant A3. Two isolates were different from the
reference strains used.
116-120 39
Abstract
The work was aimed at the post-evaluation of the infectious laryngotracheitis spread on the RF territory as
well as at the indirect determination of the vaccination efficiency (or of the specific prophylaxis of the disease)
in 2005. The data on serologic monitoring of ILT blood sera obtained from meat and egg cross-chickens
are summarized. The sera were taken from 178 poultry plants located in 48 oblasts of 7 RF Federal districts.
The disease wide spread was demonstrated in the examined regions. The complexity of the immuneresponse
dynamics in chickens of various ages on the plants both free from the disease and affected ones
was also shown.
120-123 41
Abstract
Serological characteristics of domestic isolates of infectious bronchitis virus of chickens have been studied
in neutralization test in trachea organ culture. Trachea organ culture is highly sensitive to infectious bronchitis
virus of chickens; it is suitable and convenient for the virus isolation and for evaluation of antigenic relatedness
between the strains of infectious bronchitis virus of chickens.
Kaluzhsky and Schelkovsky isolates of infectious bronchitis virus of chickens demonstrated to have
pronounced antigenic differences from widely-spread vaccine strains. According to the results of neutralization
test, Taganrogsky isolate belongs to serotype 793B. These isolates of infectious bronchitis virus of
chickens may be used for vaccine preparation.
123-125 48
Abstract
The results of cross-infection indicate wide antigenic range and expressed protectivity of the IBV Schelkovo
isolate in chickens as compared to the Massachusetts strain. That allows it to be used as a vaccine
strain.
126-131 69
Abstract
Three day-old SPF chickens were intramuscularly infected with field chicken adenovirus isolates. PA-01,
Tbilissky and Kirovogradsky isolates werw found to be the most pathogenic for chickens. Bashkirsky isolate
was moderately pathogenic and was capable to replicate in SPF chickens without causing their death.
Ravis-Sosnovsky and VD-20 isolates were pathogenic for SPF chicks but their pathogenicity gradually decreased
during the subsequent passaging. However, these isolates did not induce any clinical signs associated
with the disease in Brown Highsex cross chickens i.e. they were nonpathogenic.
132-137 43
Abstract
Recombinant capsid protein VP3 have been used as antigen indirect ELISA to achieve higher sensitivity
and specificity of the assay using native antigen to detect IBDV-specific antibodies. Relative sensitivity of
IBDV+rVP3IBDV-ELISA made up 98,15%, relative specificity - 97,5%. The results obtained in I-ELISA
based on the use of the two antigens, have 97,8% coincidence in qualitative characteristics. Diagnostic sensitivity
of IBDV+rVP3IBDV-ELISA made up 97,25%, diagnostic specificity - 97,35%.
137-139 67
Abstract
The paper demonstrates data on postvaccinal immunity in chickens immunized with the live vaccine against
avian infectious encephalomyelitis produced in FGI ARRIAH. Presence of specific antibodies was detected
by indirect ELISA using a commercial diagnostic kit Synbiotics (USA), certified in Russia.
144-146 50
Abstract
In the Russian Federation monovalent inactivated vaccines are developed and applied for specific prevention
of avian pneumovirus infection and Newcastle disease. A bivalent vaccine to Newcastle disease and
avian pneumovirus was developed to decrease the number of stress situations connected with multiple parenteral
administrations of inactivated vaccines and to induce a strong immunity to both infections. That
vaccine has a pronounced antigenic activity and induces specific antibodies to Newcastle disease and avian
pneumovirus infection in vaccinated poultry.
147-149 69
Abstract
For the first time epidemic situation on canine distemper morbidity in dogs was analyzed in the town of
Vladimir for 2005. Examinations of diseased and suspected animals were carried out, and diagnosis was
confirmed by laboratory methods using neutralization test and enzyme immunoassay.
152-160 59
Abstract
Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against rabies virus (RV) were prepared by hybridization
of splenocytes of BALB/c mice immunized by RV vaccine strain (ARRIAH strain) with the mouse
myeloma NSO/1 cell line. Properties of prepared MAbs were examined with indirect immunofluorescence
assay and solid-phase sandwich ELISA using different rabies virus strains and field isolates as well as with
rabies virus neutralization test in BHK-21 cell culture. As a result, three clones producing glycoprotein-specific
MAbs and one clone secreting Mabs to RV ribonucloeprotein (ARRIAH/N-1) were selected. RV glycoprotein-
specific ARRIAH/G-1 MAbs possessed virus-neutralizing activity and reacted with RV vaccine
strains only. Immunofluorescence assay with ARRIAH/N-1 MAbs detected RV ribonucleoprotein accumulations
in brain cells of animals died of rabies. ARRIAH/N-1 MAbs reacted with different RV strains and
field isolates.
161-165 73
Abstract
Results of testing blood sera, colostrum of down-calving cows and blood sera of their calves for virus-specific
antibody levels are presented. The samples were obtained from the farms where coronavirus and infectious
rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, viral diarrhea agents had been circulating and active specific prophylaxis
against rotaviral and coronaviral infections, infectious rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3 and FMD type
A, O, Asia-1 was carried out.
165-168 51
Abstract
ELISA-kits for the antibody quantification in chicken sera tested at the selected working dilutions were
developed for serological diagnosis of the seven most significant infectious diseases in commercial poultry.
Positive and negative thresholds, acceptable optical density values for negative and positive control sera
were determined. Parameters for antibody titre calculation were introduced into the developed SINKOELISA
software for recording, processing and storing of assay results.
168-170 76
Abstract
The following opportunities are demonstrated in this work: variation of process of maintaining passaged cell
cultures, conducting interruption of cell biomass scaling, fast recovery of proliferative activity of cultured
porcine kidney cells, goat gonads, Vero cells, increase of their reproductive activity after storage at +4° C for
15 days by means of combined use of adult cattle blood sera and newborn calves blood.
170-172 48
Abstract
Two field isolates of bovine rotavirus were isolated in a continuous cell culture from pathological samples.
Cultural characteristics of the isolates were studied. Hyperimmune sera were obtained from laboratory animals.


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