It is shown that various serological variants of the bacterium Pasteurella multocida carry out of function of the pasteurellosis and haemorrhagic septicemia etiologic factor. They are characterized by the difference of reservoirs and sources, ways and mechanisms of pathogen transmission, which form the epizootic processes of different environmental categories disease. Accordingly, control for pasteurellosis epizootic process is carried out satisfaction inquiries animals to environmental conditions (dry litter, satisfactory air circulation, exercise, etc.). A control for epizootic haemorrhagic septicemia process is carried out due to vaccination of productive animals and using repellents and insecticides

The aim of this work was to study the etiological structure of associative gastrointestinal diseases bacterial etiology of calves in the farms of the Rostov region. It was found that the E. coli acts as one of the main agent in mixed diarrheal infections of young cattle. Bacteria forms association with other pathogenes microorganisms, which indicates a decrease in the protective forces of the animals in the modern conditions of cattle breeding. Total in the Rostov region in the past decade have been identified 7 species combinations of microbial pathogens of gastrointestinal diseases: Escherichia coli + Citrobacter freundii - 69,4%; Escherichia coli + Proteus vulgaris - 8,2%; Escherichia coli + Klebsiella pneumoniae - 6,1%; Escherichia coli + Morganella morganii - 6,1%; Escherichia coli + Citrobacter diversus - 4,1%; Escherichia coli + Pseudomonas aeruginosa - 4,1% и Escherichia coli + Enterobacter aerogenes - 2,0 Analysis of identified associations in permanently unhealthy farms of the Rostov region indicates confinement of certain pathogens mixed gastrointestinal infection calves to specific farms. While on the administrative and territorial level confinemed pathogens are to specific areas is not observed, and in the same area of the outbreak of cattle disease of young animals can be caused by several associations.

The analysis of morbidity by parvovirus gastroenteritis in dogs. Among infectious diseases the etiology of parvovirus gastroenteritis enteritis occupies a leading position. During the period 2011- 2015, the 1138 cases parvoviroza dogs registered in Lugansk veterinary clinics. This accounted for 43.1% of the total number of infectious diseases. bacteriological and mycological patmaterial studies have been conducted. During 2014-2015, the incidence and mortality increased significantly. Established two distinct seasonal peak outbreaks of parvoviroza dogs in May and November. Age susceptibility to the disease was studied. It was established that 66.4% of cases were recorded in dogs 1.5 - 6 months of age. Also in this age group was registered high rates of morbidity and mortality. The highest level of mortality was identified in the group of dogs up to 1.5 months age at sufficiently low levels of morbidity and mortality. We have identified features of the course parvovirozis in dogs in the territory of Lugansk.

Work presents new data on the morbidity of animals and man by dirofilariasis in the territory Central Black Land region of Russia, in particular in the Voronezh province. The information map of the centers of invasion was made. Not known earlier sources was for the first time revealed. Established that in official and homeless dogs the extensiveness of invasion (EI) by dirofilariazis composes 24,6% and 24,1% respectively, in the dogs, that are contained under the apartment conditions - it does not exceed 8,8%. The hypodermic form of dirofilyariozis in the territory of the Voronezh province is encountered doubly more frequently than heart and predominates in males. The extensiveness of invasion correlates with the type of the content of dogs, their economic designation, social belonging and place of inhabiting. As the potential source of dirofilariazis can serve circus dogs (EI-22,2%), which transfer with the circus companies along the territory of Russia, near and far countries, and also another form of carnivorous - the polecat domestic which has Dirofilaria form D.

The article presents the results of research on the effect of dietary supplements on the basis of sunflower lecithin and rowan on indicators oxidant-antioxidant system in cows in industrial stress conditions. One of the links of the stress reactions are the activation of free radical oxidation and decreased antioxidant defenses. This significantly reduces the body›s resistance to adverse factors, resulting in additional violations of the physiological and biochemical homeostasis, which requires the use of antioxidant therapy. As the antioxidant action of the drug is proposed dietary supplement based on rowan and sunflower lecithin. The studies were conducted on the basis of agro-industrial complex «Orel Niva», «Complex milk production Saburova» of Orel region. Object of study are Holstein cows of 2nd and 3rd lactation with an average milk yield per lactation 7000 kg of milk. In the course of the experiment it was formed 2 groups of cows by 7 goals each. The first (control) group of cows received basic diet adopted on the farm; the cows of second group received basic diet plus dietary supplement based on rowan and lecithin from sunflower. Biochemical studies were performed at the Department of Biochemistry and animal feeding at the Oryol State Agrarian University. Status of oxidant system was determined by the content of malondialdehyde. Status of antioxidant system was determined by the level of extracellular primary antioxidant - ceruloplasmin. The results showed that the second test group of animals the content of malondialdehyde on the 14, 28, 42, the 56th day after the start of the experiment decreased to 0.27; 0.3; 0.41; 0.45 mmol / L respectively, and the content of antioxidant - tseruloplazminana on the 14, 28, 42, 56th day decreased to 0.1; 0.27; 0.32; 0.96 mmol / L respectively. It is indicating on normalization of the oxidant - antioxidant system in cows when used in feeding of the proposed dietary supplement by combining rich in vitamins, carotenoid complex and mineral ash and phospholipids (lecithin).

Based on the data obtained earlier, we suggested that the hemostatic system responsed to tissue damage and, especially, the blood vessels at surgery can vary in females and males. 12 clinically healthy dogs of different breeds aged 1 to 8 years, including 6 females and 6 males participated in the study. Blood for hematology and hemostasis tests we have taken before and immediately after the operation, during the animal was in a state of general anesthesia. As a result, we have found out that the system of hemostasis of males and females reacts to injury and stress associated with surgery in different ways. In females more expressed loss of blood, but less the platelet of amount and function changing. In males ristomycin-induced aggregation increased, but disaggregation and antithrombin activity decreased and a level of fibrinogen аnd soluble fibrin complex significantly increased. At the same increasing of thrombus formation in males in the postoperative period we did not observe. Consequently this changes in the hemostatic system in healthy dogs of both sexes have the bleeding stop function under stress and may be the mechanism of adaptation to surgical trauma. Nevertheless, there is every reason to talk about the increased risk of hypercoagulable states in males during surgery

The aim of this study was to examine the functioning of the hemostatic system in healthy old dogs. We studied 12 clinically healthy dogs of different breeds, aged from 8 to 16 years. The results was compared with a group of healthy dogs reproductive age (n = 20). Generally, the adhesive-aggregation properties of platelets in aged dogs was higher than in dogs reproductive age. Also in the old dogs is found the formation of more sustainable aggregates by the action of collagen (2,21 ± 0,76%), than in dogs of reproductive age (5,02 ± 0,94%). This paiting is the result of lowering the activity of anticoagulation system with the age. Also marked increase ristomycin aggregation speed (0,007 ± 0,002 min) in old dogs as compared to dogs reproductive age (0,016 ± 0,003 min). The into blood plasma of dogs with age increases the concentration of fibrinogen (from 1.98 ± 0.12 g / l to 2.94 ± 0.25 g /l). In connection with this thrombin time is shortened (from 12.7 ± 0.44 sec. To 11.01 ± 0.48 sec.) And the concentration of soluble fibrin monomer complex is increased (from 7.30 ± 0.76 mg / 100ml to 5,24 ± 0,37 mg / 100ml). These features of the hemostatic system in older dogs may possibly increase the risk of hypercoagulable states.

The results of biochemical studies of the high yielding cows metabolic status are presented in the paper. The results of blood serum biochemical studies show a relatively pronounced changes revealed in cows of the third and fourth lactations. First of all, it is the index of acid-base balance. If in the cows of the second lactation this index was within the range of average physiological values, then in the animals of the third lactation it was on the low limit. Low value of acid-base balance in cows of the fourth lactation indicated on the development of metabolic acidosis. As a rule, the development of metabolic acidosis is an evidence of metabolism imbalance. It was found a pronounced state of energy crisis in cows of all ages both in pre-calving and in an early lactation periods. The reason was the lack of easily digestible carbohydrates (sugars) in the diet. A decrease in the functional activity of the liver in cows of the third and fourth lactations was indicated by the increased levels of ketone bodies in the blood. By this index, the difference in the cows of the fourth lactation to the cows of the second lactation was 4 times. Both metabolic acidosis and ketosis develop on the background of carbohydrate metabolism imbalance and a deficiency of easily digestible sugars in the diet. Studies have shown that calcium level in the cows of the second lactation were within the lower limit of physiological range, while in cows of the third and fourth lactations it was lower by 20-30%. This condition is typical for acid-alkaline imbalance with a shift toward metabolic acidosis. The results of the blood serum proteinogram have shown an increase in the concentration of total protein on the 15-30-th day after calving. In this case, this index was above the upper limit of the physiological range in 28.6% of the cows in the third lactation and 42.9% of the cows in the fourth lactation. When metabolism proceeds as metabolic acidosis, increase of total protein in blood serum may indicate an unfavorable change of protein fractions ratio responsible for the nonspecific resistance. During the reduction of gamma globulin fraction there is a very high probability of increasing the sensitivity of an organism to causative agents of endogenous infections. Conducted studies of metabolic processes allow to make a conclusion that significant changes in metabolism, manifested by metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, ketonia and disorders of mineral metabolism are developed in high-yielding cows during the third lactation. Correction of these processes should be the basis for the system of ensuring the health of high-yielding cows, including preventive health care measures

The article presents an overview health problems in cows animal industry, in particular in mycotoxicosis and hepatosis. The author›s approach alleviate the problem through the use of complex metabolic compositions based succinic acid in combination with citric acid, ascorbic acid and molasses (beet molasses) are shown. Succinic acid and its salts possess a broad spectrum of action on different mechanisms of regulation of the metabolic activity of cells. Succinic acid is ten times enhances liver detoxification activity, which is essential at toxicosis and poisonings. Based on clinical observations, biochemical studies and the results of scientific and industrial experiments established that the application of the metabolic composition based on succinic acid and beet molasses provides a high level of detoxifying the body at hepatosis and mycotoxicosis in cows, stimulation of the body›s energy cows at birth, prevents detention afterbirth; normalize metabolic processes occurring at hepatosis and mycotoxicosis. Technological simplicity, accessibility and absolute safety components allows to make the metabolic composition even in the cattle farm conditions.

The article deals with the possibility of early diagnosis of pregnancy in cows by the level of progesterone in the blood by 19-21 days after insemination, and the mechanism of action of prostaglandin F2. analogue at stimulation of ovulation. 500 micrograms of oestrofan was injected to heifers of experimental group before insemination. Second blood samples was received at 19-21 days after insemination for study the possibility of early diagnosis of pregnancy. After 60-75 days after insemination, all heifers were was rectally screened for pregnancy. The studies show that the accuracy of diagnosis of pregnancy was 93.8% and non pregnancy - was 100%,- if the thresholds for the early diagnosis of pregnancy consider progesterone concentration . 1,30 ng / ml (non pregnancy) and more 1.30 ng / ml (pregnancy). Obviously, the injection oestrogen in hunting day resulted in a reduction of the residual concentration of progesterone and further promoted the release of luteotropic hormone by the pituitary gland and ovulation. Therefore, early diagnosis of pregnancy by measuring of progesterone in the blood would reduce the overhead on the barren animals.

The process of adaptation of imported cattle to new technological and climatic conditions leads to morphological and functional restructuring of the body, which may cause a violation of reproductive function. In the article deals the dynamics of adrenal hormones (cortisol), thyroid (thyroxine, triiodothyronine) and evaluated reproductive function in beef Hereford cattle Canadian selection in the conditions of the Altai Territory. Our study was carried out under production conditions farm «Farm» in the Tselinskiy district of the Altai Territory in the period from 2012 to 2013. The object of the study were heifers Hereford breed of Canadian selection at the age of 11 to 16 months (n = 97). It was found that because of the high levels of cortisol in the initial phase of adaptation fertilizing the capacity of Canadian heifers was lower than those analogs Siberian breeding on 12.4% . The majority of imported non-pregnant animals had a persistent corpus luteum and ovarian hypofunction. Further adaptation of imported animals and the development of their pregnancy was accompanied by increased functional activity of the adrenal cortex and the high metabolism of thyroid hormones. Indicators of reproductive function in cows, heifers Canadian and Siberian breeding after giving birth were not significantly different.

The aim of the study was to design an antigen latex diagnostic test to indicate Leptospira antibodies. The authors have obtained the highly active antigen; regime of immobilization of the antigen to the latex. Conditions of slurry agglutination reaction was optimized and laboratory tests of the drug was conducted. For antigenic complexes used six strains of Leptospira serogroups. Antigens were isolated by the scheme comprising X-press and an ultrasonic disintegration with followed by extraction with a non-ionic detergent. In the result was obtained by protein antigens with high concentration (12- 15 mg / ml). The specific activity in the immunodiffusion reaction for different serogroups of Leptospira ranged from 1:32 to 1:64. The structural characteristics of polyacrolein matrix was shown. The specific surface area of the matrix was 35 m2 / g, pore volume was 1.1 cm3 / g, pore radius was 62.8 nm. Immobilization latex particles by polyantigenic was performed. Optimal conditions for sensitization were chosen. Influence of ligand concentration and pH of the reaction mixture was studied in the test suspension agglutination. The source of the antibodies was a mixture of commercial agglutinating rabbit sera against Leptospira serogroups 6. Conditions for suspension agglutination test Improved using a dilution fluid, which provides maximum sensitivity reaction. Optimum reaction pH was 7.0- 7.5. Sensitizing antigen dose was 180 mg / ml. The results showed that the sensitivity of the suspension Leptospira Diagnosticum above standard method in 1.7 times. When using the drug does not require the use of live cultures of Leptospira. This suggests the possibility of using diagnostic kit in human and veterinary medicine as a screening test for leptospirosis.

The study of structural and functional parameters of the cattle blood system was carried out in farms located in Sysert, Pervouralsk and Beloyarsky districts of the Sverdlovsk region in the cows of black-motley breed of the Ural type 2-3-th lactation in the 1 period of pregnancy. Hematological parameters were determined in the Abacus Junior Vet. blood analyzer. Leucocyte count were counted in blood smears stained with Romanovsky - Giemsa method. Phagocytosis level T and B cells was determined by standard methods. According to the monitoring results for 2012 - 2014 years was observed following changing. On the areas chronically exposed man-made factors in haematological and immunological parameters of blood of cattle was recorded low levels of red blood cells in non- pregnant cows in Pervouralsk area (4,3-5,47 million / ml ); high content of eosinophils in cows in Pervouralsk district and Beloyarski district (8,47 ± 4,19% and 7,06 ± 4,17%). In Sysert district the level of eosinophils in the blood of non-pregnant cows was 4,70 ± 3,16%. The T / B-coefficient of non- pregnant cows from Beloyarsky district was 0,59-0,72 units. According to the analysis, it was found that in chronic anthropogenic impact conditions in animals during the adaptation process formed unique mechanisms of protective reactions, aimed at preserving of the functional hemostasis.