This paper presents morphological and functional characteristics of structural organization of mammary gland in cows with subclinical mastitis based on anatomical, histological, and up-to-date electronic microscopy study. It was found that pathology development in the cow mammary gland is associated with abundant effusion of serous-catarrhal effluent into alveoli. The gland is comprised of excretory ducts and terminal secretory parts; alveoli are polymorphous and have different size. The walls of terminal secretory parts of the gland are made of one layer of secretory epithelium and myoepithelial cells. Lactocytes vacuolated sporadically and separated from alveolar membrane. Alveolar septa are expanded due to spongiose connective tissue and blood capillaries. Ultrafine structure of mammary gland in cows with subclinical mastitis demonstrates wider microcirculatory passes in the organ’s parenchyma, and desquamation of alveoli sectretory cells. Corruption of alveolar lining occurs sporadically. Electronic microscopy shows that inflammatory cellular infiltrates are mainly consist of sparse polynuclear (segmented nuclei) cells, lymphoid, macrophages, and plasmatic cells. Characteristic plasmatic and mast cells were detected, however in the state of dystrophication. Natural death (apoptosis) is observed among epithelial cells containing secretory granules. Lymphocyte and leukocyte count increases in the inflammatory infiltrate due to the onset of pathology process in mammary gland tissue.

There are considerable gaps in diagnostics of mastitis in sheep as compared with other agricultural animals. Sheep milk has large economical importance, especially in the regions where the sheep are milked. Timely and accurate diagnostics is essential for success of treatment and preventive measures. Milk from affected udder lobes features increased number of somatic cells, protein, chlorides, alkali, bacilli contamination, and decreased fat content and bactericide activity. In the course and after the treatment of an animal, its milk contains inhibitive substances. In this case the milk loses its nutritive value and important processing qualities, required for cheese and cultured milk products. Feeding it to young animals entails rise in the gastrointestinal disorders rate, and quite often leads to death. Ewes with subclinical mastitis are a source of a number of infections throughout lactation period. Continuous control over somatic cell count allows timely determination of milk from mastitis animals, thus increasing overall quality of food products. Milk with increased somatic cell count can play its role in the allergic reactions and food poisoning in people. Being the most sensitive indicator, increased somatic cell count warns about future decrease in milk yield in agricultural animals. It also depends on the stage of disease and varies from hardly detectable changes to complete cessation of milk secretion

Influence of Selenolin selenium-containing preparation on the reproductive characteristics of sows, growth and development of piglets obtained from the sows, and prevention of puerperal diseases was studied. The research enrolled 9 months old pregnant sows of the Large White breed at the Farm 1 in the Stavropol Krai. Two groups of 15 animals each were separated by peer approach (with account for age, live weight, physiological condition). Housing conditions, care and feeding were equal in all groups and met veterinary and farming guidelines. Animals in the test group were dozed with Selenolin selenium-containing preparation at 0.1 ml per 10 kg live weight intramuscularly at the day of tupping and then on days 30, 60 and on farrowing. Obtained results demonstrate that the studied preparation has positive influence on prenatal development and pregnancy. It also favors optimal pattern of the act of delivery, prevents puerperal diseases, and increases vitality in offspring.

This paper presents morphological and functional characteristics of structural organization of mammary gland in cows with subclinical mastitis based on anatomical, histological, and up-to-date electronic microscopy study. It was found that pathology development in the cow mammary gland is associated with abundant effusion of serous-catarrhal effluent into alveoli. The gland is comprised of excretory ducts and terminal secretory parts; alveoli are polymorphous and have different size. The walls of terminal secretory parts of the gland are made of one layer of secretory epithelium and myoepithelial cells. Lactocytes vacuolated sporadically and separated from alveolar membrane. Alveolar septa are expanded due to spongiose connective tissue and blood capillaries. Ultrafine structure of mammary gland in cows with subclinical mastitis demonstrates wider microcirculatory passes in the organ’s parenchyma, and desquamation of alveoli sectretory cells. Corruption of alveolar lining occurs sporadically. Electronic microscopy shows that inflammatory cellular infiltrates are mainly consist of sparse polynuclear (segmented nuclei) cells, lymphoid, macrophages, and plasmatic cells. Characteristic plasmatic and mast cells were detected, however in the state of dystrophication. Natural death (apoptosis) is observed among epithelial cells containing secretory granules. Lymphocyte and leukocyte count increases in the inflammatory infiltrate due to the onset of pathology process in mammary gland tissue.

The paper presents results of study of lymph nodes in cows with subclinical mastitis, and blood taken on the 1 - 2 and 10 - 12 days after calving if mastitis in cows was aggravated with acute puerperal endometritis. It was found that supramammary lymph nodes were enlarged significantly (7.53±0.72 х 2.68±0.57 and 5.9±0.48 х 2.4±0.42 cm) during subclinical mastitis and suffered hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue which was observed in the udder lymph nodes if mastitis was combined with endometritis. Clinical state in cows in case of simultaneous mastitis and endometritis was normal, though hematologic, biochemical, and immunological characteristic of blood were deviating from physiological norm, and immune reactions were decreased significantly on the 10 - 12 day after calving. Hematologic and immunologic study showed that decreased erythrocyte count was connected with toxic substances introduced and absorbed into blood from the inflammation focus (endometrium), which promoted erythrocyte destruction thus decreasing their count. In case of simultaneous mastitis and acute puerperal endometritis decrease in hemoglobin, general protein, general immunoglobulins, and gamma-immunoglobulins, though leukocyte count was increasing reliably. Biochemical study of the blood serum from cows with mastitis and endometritis demonstrated a decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity, total lipids, vitamin A, vitamin E, and calcium content. At the same time, glucose, urea, and creatinine content, increased, with elevated activity of lysozyme in blood serum, gamma- GT and ALT. Inflammatory process in cows with mastitis and acute puerperal endometritis features deviations in hydrocarbonate, mineral, and protein metabolism, decreased vitamin content, lowered oxidation-reduction reactions, organism resistance, and homeostasis disorder.

The study was aimed at development of solid selective growth media intended for isolating from pathology material, cultivation and purification of contaminated Moraxella bovis cultures. The study led to conclusion that solid selective growth media is 2.82 times more effective for examination of pathology material from bovine cattle than Hottinger blood agar. Use of this media provides for improved effectiveness of bacteriological test on pathology material, and decreased time of Moraxella bovis culture extraction, thus allowing faster diagnosis of infectious keratoconjunctivitis. The media will make it possible to apply advanced methods of extraction, cultivation, and purification of contaminated Moraxella bovis cultures, thus paving way for necessary treatment and preventive actions. Application of our solid selective media for Moraxella bovis culture extraction makes exposing infected animals at farms more effective.

We have studied biological properties of extracted Moraxella bovis cultures. Bacteriological test of 583 pathological samples from cows, heifers, and calves resulted in extraction of 285 (48.89%) of Moraxella bovis cultures. None of extracted cultures of Moraxella bovis either utilized sodium acetate, reduced nitrates to nitrites, fermented carbohydrates, generated indole, were capable of moving, or grew on media containing 6% of sodium chloride, MacConkey agar, in presence of bile salts, or under temperature below 60 С. All cultures of Moraxella bovis thinned gelatin, had catalase reactivity, and induced haemolysis on blood agar. They also induced changes in litmus milk characteristic for Moraxella bovis. Hemolytic cultures of Moraxella bovis extracted from infected eyes were pathogenic for 2 - 3 months old calves if introduced into the lower conjunctival sac in amount of 0.5 ml of Moraxella bovis suspension. These cultures of Moraxella bovis were also pathogenic towards white mice if introduced subcutaneously in amount of 0.5 ml of Moraxella bovis suspension.

Mass medical examination of camels kept at the 2nd Site of the Center for Rare Animals of European Steppes under the Live Nature of Steppe Association in Orlovsky District of Rostov Oblast, and at Son’n Ltd in Yashkulsky District of the Republic of Kalmykia allowed analyzing breeding characteristics, housing and feeding technology, a veterinary examination and clinical tests were performed, along with laboratory tests of blood, urine, milk, and paunch manure in camels. Clinical, hematological, and biochemical characteristics were varying insignificantly within physiological norm, and this variation was taken as the basis for dividing into groups by sex and age. Soils were found having low calcium content - 0.007 - 0.2 % in Rostov Oblast, and 0.13 - 0.38 % in the Republic of Kalmykia; the water content of calcium was 23 mg/l in Rostov Oblast and 22.6 mg/l in the Republic of Kalmykia; thus overall daily deficiency in food was 63.75 g/animal in Rostov Oblast and 59.83 g/animal in the Republic of Kalmykia, and in the test animals in Rostov Oblast: 2.69±0.04 mmol/l in burs; 2.78±0.03 mmol/l in suckling camel dams; 2.79±0.03 mmol/l in vacant female camels; 2.68±0.04 mmol/l in young males and 2.67±0.03 mmol/l in young females; 2.64±0.03 mmol/l in suckling colts; in the Republic of Kamlykia: in burs up to 2.41±0.06 mmol/l and 2.48±0.06 mmol/l in suckling camel dams; 2.50±0.04 mmol/l in vacant female camels; 2.40±0.05 mmol/l in young males; 2.43±0.05 mmol/l in young females; 2.38±0.06 mmol/l in suckling colts; at the same time phosphorus blood content was relatively normal in camels in Rostov Oblast: 1.59±0.07mmol/l in burs; 1.72±0.05 mmol/l in suckling female dams; 1.73±0.03 mmol/l in vacant female camels; 1.61±0.06 mmol/l in young male camels and 1.63±0.06 mmol/l in young female camels; 1.63±0.07 mmol/l in suckling colts; in the Republic of Kalmykia: in burs 1.87±0.08 mmol/l; 1.92±0.09 mmol/l in suckling female dams; 1.96±0.08 mmol/l in vacant female camels; 1.91±0.07 mmol/l in young males; 1.96±0.05 mmol/l in young females; 1.93±0.08 mmol/l in suckling colts; these figures illustrate mineral metabolism disorder in camels and necessity of preventive actions. Physical and chemical characteristics of milk lead to conclusion that camel milk has higher nutrient value than the cow one. Examination of paunch manure in camels demonstrated normal pH, quantitative and qualitative composition, and enzymatic activity, thus suggesting good work of digestive system

The research was aimed at studying influence of immunomodifiers on blood immunobiological characteristics in 2 - 5 days old calves. The study enrolled three preparations exercising influence on humoral and cellular immunity, viz. Polyoxidony-vet, Imaktin, and Sporoprotectin. Performed tests demonstrate that all preparations facilitate improvement in immune status disorders in new-born calves by normalization crude protein, absolute number of leucocytes, and neutrophiles to lymphocytes ratio. Administration of Polyoxidony-vet preparation resulted in phagocytic activity rise by 42.3%, phagocytosis completeness rise by 36.4%, increase in number of T-lymphocytes by 21.4%, and blood serum lysozyme activity rise by 138%. Sporoprotectin did not influence phagocytic activity or phagocytosis completeness, but according to NBT-test it twice increased phagocyte mobilization index, promoted 10.7% increase in T-lymphocytes content in blood, 29.8% increase in .-globulin faction, and blood serum lysozyme activity rise by 15.5%. Using Imaktin in new-born calves resulted in triple increase in mobilization index, 17.8% increase in T-lymphocytes content in blood, 66.2% increase in .-globulin faction, and blood serum lysozyme activity rise by 114%.

A laboratory animals (rabbits) model was used to study immunomodulatory properties of Betulin preparations when used in combination with vaccines against leptospirosis and necrobacteriosis in animals. Two sets of tests studied Betulin for peroral administration and Betulin PG for parenteral introduction. In the first test the rabbits had been vaccinated with polyvalent vaccine VGNKI against animal leptospirosis. For the second test a part of the rabbits was vaccinated with emulsified in vivo inactivated vaccine against necrobacteriosis in animals and reindeer manufactured by the FGUP Schelkovsky Biocombinat; another part of the rabbits received inactivated vaccine against necrobacteriosis produced by Armavir Biological Plant. Synthesis of antibodies was studied dynamically at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 day after immunization using indirect immunofluorescence. It was found that Betulin-PG had immunomodulatory properties and provided for expressed immunity to leptospirosis and necrobacteriosis in animals in early terms; immunomodulatory properties of Betulin for both peroral and parenteral administration revealed themselves in elevated humoral immunity; Betulin is administered either in combination with vaccines against leptospirosis and necrobacteriosis (fusobacteriosis) or as an adjuvant in the vaccines preparation.

Today the bison (Bison bonasus) - is the only one wild large bovine species in the Europe and as such is in the Red List IUCN as category D1 ver 3.1 Vulnerable. Though the bison reproduction has been dedicatedly carried out in special nurseries in cooperation with scientific organizations for the last ninety years already, the knowledge of diseases among bison has scarcely been developed. So far there was none serious attempt to systematize existing reports and some scientific studies on diseases among the animals. This paper is a kind of brief manual providing a collection of compact information on all diseases in bison reliably described in Russian and fo`reign scientific articles, veterinary reports, certificates, reports, and other veterinary documents. Bison suffer from such bacteria-induced diseases as actinobacillosis, brucellosis, Q-fever, leptospirosis, listeriosis, mycoplasmosis, necrobacillosis, necrotic stomatitis, necrotic balanoposthitis, paratuberculosis enteritis, pasteurellosis, anthrax, tuberculosis, blackleg. The paper provides epizootologic data, clinical signs, diagnostics and treatment of the diseases.

The article represents data of postmortem study of pasteurellosis associated with contagious (candidal) cloacitis in chicken. Clinical, epizootological, postmortem, bacteriological, and mycological analyses were performed for detection and assessment of etiological factors, prevalence, and course of cloacitis, as well as possible associated pathology. Highsex Brown chickens were examined, since this breed is mentioned to be predisposed to contagious cloacitis. It is found that the complex of diseases leads to change of clinical morphological symptoms, causes atypical course of the process, and impedes diagnosis. The main clinical signs of candidal cloacitis include sharp reduction in egg production and laying of eggs with blood-stained shell. The pathomorphological study revealed: catarrhal hemorrhagic or erosive ulcerous cloacitis, urethritis, nephrosonephritis, ovarian salpingitis. Pasteurellosis proceeded without typical pathologic changes and was characterized by development of catarrhal hemorrhagic duodenitis.

The aim of the study was to improve efficacy of mineral metabolism disorder treatment and prevention in young pigs. A task was formulated within the study aim: to perform comparative evaluation of pure Silimiks and its mixture with tricalcium phosphate in terms of influence on hematologic factors in weanling piglets. Influence of complex silica-alumina preparation Silimiks and mix of Silimiks preparation with tricalcium phosphate on mineral metabolism in piglets was studied. Silimiks is a natural complex feed additive based on montmorillonite, ceolite, glauconite, phosphorite, chalk, and other minerals. Tricalcium phosphate is a widely spread mineral preparation made of apatite and phosphorite. The test was performed at Kudinv V. A. Farm in Progress settlement, Khvorostyansky Region of Samara Oblast. Animals with clinical signs of rickets were enrolled. The test was performed on three groups of 7 piglets each, grouped on peer approach. The first group was treated with Silimiks preparation, the second was treated with the mixture of Silimiks and tricalcium phosphate (3:1); the third group was the control. The test demonstrated positive influence on hematologic factors in weanling piglets of both test groups. However, the most prominent effect was detected when the mixture of tricalcium phosphate with Silimiks was administered. Thus, it was found that in the group treated with the mixture of Silimiks and tricalcium phosphate (the second test group) the number of erythrocytes increased progressively and constantly against the beginning of the test by 11.16% (p<0.05), by 19.43% (p<0.05) against the control group, and by 10.5% against the resulting figures in the first test group. Hemoglobin index in the second group increased by 32.35% (P>0.99) against the initial value. Packed cell volume increased by 14% in the first group and by 26.6% (p<0.01) in the second group against the control. The test proved that introduction of Silimiks in mixture with tricalcium phosphate (3:1) improves efficacy of treatment and prevention of rickets in weanling piglets through antianemic activity which is more apparent than if pure Silimiks preparation is fed.

This research was aimed at studying meat production and meat quality in the young cattle grown with elevated daily milk feeding rate and early shift to green forage with addition of probiotic Cellobacterin during the milk feeding period. The tests were held at Arteks-Agro Ltd., Kustchevsky District of Krasnodar Krai using progeny of Holstein breed cattle of Australian selection imported in 2008. The study was held in 2009 - 2011. Control slaughter was carried out at 15 and 18 months age (n=3 bull-calves in each group, total number of slaughter animals - 24). For the purpose of the test, bull-calves were obtained from Reflection Sovereign line heifers and divided into 4 groups (n=64). Each group consisted of 16 bull-calves: I - control; and II, III, IV - test groups. The test group animals grown with elevated daily milk feeding rates supplemented with probiotic had higher meat production than Group I animals grown under conventional technology at all ages. Our study demonstrated that test Group III bull-calves had the highest meat production; the animals were fed to the following scheme: (in 50 days) - 450 kg of milk and skim milk (from 50 to 110 day) - 800 kg, with addition of probiotic Cellobacterin.

This research was aimed at studying live weight gaining rates young Holstein cattle obtained from Australian selection cow line grown under intensive technology with elevated daily milk feeding rate with addition of probiotic Cellobacterin during the milk feeding period. The tests were held at Arteks-Agro Ltd., Kustchevsky District of Krasnodar Krai using progeny of Holstein breed cattle of Australian selection imported in 2008. The study was held in 2009 - 2011. Live weight was recorded on birth and then the animals were weighted every month before the morning feeding and watering. For the purpose of the test, calves were obtained from Reflection Sovereign line heifers and divided into 4 groups (n=128). Each group consisted of 32 calves: I - control; and II, III, IV - test groups divided into two subgroups of 16 male and 16 female calves each. Elevated milk feeding standard during the milk feeding period along with addition of probiotic had influence over the test young cattle growth and development; thus, it was found the maximum growth rate in both heifers and bull-calves was in the III Group. High growth rate was observed from 6 to 12 months age: in the III Group it was 907 g in heifers and 1,054 g in bull-calves; in the IV Group the rate was 898 g in heifers and 1,039 g in bull-calves. The highest growth rate in the I and II Groups was in heifers and bull-calves in the same period - 794 g and 807 g (heifers) and 893 g and 909 g in bull-calves) respectively. Analysis of the data leads to the conclusion that intensive growing had significant influence over the dynamics of the live weight gaining daily rates in test animals. Test groups exceeded control remarkably. At the same time, it is to be pointed out that animals in the III Group exceeded all other Groups in live weight growth daily rates, because they were fed with milk supplemented with probiotic Cellobacterin.

The study allowed establishing antibacterial activity of Enrofloxacin and its combinations with enriched montmorillonite-containing sorbent towards colibacillus. The results of the study demonstrate high sensitivity of colibacillus towards a compositional preparation consisting of Enrofloxacin with sorbent mix in 1:1 ratio, with each preparation featuring concentration of 0.063 .kg/ml of broth. It was found that sorption activity of enriched montmorillonite-containing clay towards organic compounds is higher in acid environment than in alkaline one. Nutrient media pH and amount of sorbent in it has similar impact decreasing bacteriostatic activity of Doxycycline. Prerequisites for lowering antibacterial activity of Enrofloxacin and Doxycycline is enhanced dissociation from isomontmorillonite-containing sorbent ions of aluminum, iron, calcium, and sodium into the nutrient media, resulting in formation of inactive chelate compounds with the active preparations [11]. Increased potentiating effect of the preparations is apparently provided by immobilization of their molecules on the surface of active ligands. Summarizing the data above, it is safe to assume that creation of new preparations expands possible application of enterosorption in complex animal treatment against acute intestinal diseases of infectious origin. Moreover, rational application of compositional antimicrobial preparations may be utilized for dosing of medications on account of their desorption capability. Creation of preparations with such properties is associated with both selective enterosorbents with known surface chemical properties and pore size, and specifics of therapeutic activity in different sections of gastrointestinal tract with respect to chime pH and required sorbent concentration. Attribution of specific properties to enterosorbents through surface immobilization of medical agents in form of active ligands is a promising way of development allowing optimizing and minimizing antibacterial preparation and, in many cases, to enhance its specific activity by shifting from volume concentrations to surface ones. Such solution also decreases or even eliminates negative impact of chemotherapeutical substances on the organism.

This study was aimed at detecting variation in hematologic characteristics in young Holstein cattle during completion of growing and fattening under intensive technology. The tests were held at Arteks-Agro Ltd., Kustchevsky District of Krasnodar Krai using progeny of Holstein breed cattle of Australian selection imported in 2008. The study was held in 2009 - 2011. For the purpose of the test, calves were obtained from Reflection Sovereign line heifers and divided into 4 groups (n=128). Each group consisted of 32 calves: I - control; and II, III, IV - test groups divided into two subgroups of 16 male and 16 female calves each. Hematologic evaluation was taken at 12, 15 and 18 months. Blood samples were taken from jugular vein in the morning, before feeding (n=3 from each subgroup). Metabolism increases with age in both bull-caves and heifers. During completion of growing and fattening in Holstein bull-calves and during growing in heifers hematologic properties were observed influenced by different milk feeding standards at the milk feeding period. Animals in test groups III and IV had better growth rates, and featured higher live weight as compared to groups I and II. Hematological characteristics in those groups were higher accordingly. Therefore, we recommend higher standards of milk feeding with addition of probiotic Cellobacterin in growing both replacement heifers and bull-calves for meat.

The paper deals with the research on mammary neoplasm occurrence in dogs performed on the basis of the Veterinary Surgery Department at the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K. I. Skryabin. It contains new breed and age-specific traits and morphology of mammary neoplasm in dogs in Moscow. Breed and age-specific pattern of the pathology occurrence is described too. Statistical study covers 40 cases of mammary gland neoplasm in dogs. It was found that the most frequent mammary gland neoplasms in dogs were carcinomas and adenomas at mean age of the dogs 8 ± 2.4 years, with 11 ± 1.7 years for carcinoma and 6 ± 2.6 years for adenoma. Studied neoplasms were classified by TNM type as follows: mastadenoma, simple hyperplasia and intraductal papillomatosis were of T1-3N0M0 type predominantly, while mammary carcinoma and sarcoma scored from T2-4N1-3M0 to the extreme development of neoplasm T4N3M2. The findings can be used in treatment expectations and aftereffects forecasting.

Helminthiases are caused by a variety of parasites with different localization in the animal organism: stomach, brain, lungs, etc. Dyctiocaulosis is a disease caused among wild ruminants by different species of lung geohelminthes of Dictyocaulidae family, Nematoda class, which have no intermediate host. When in the animal body, larvae of Dyctiocaulus affects mucous coat of small intestine, lymph nodes, lymph and blood vessels, and most important, walls of lung alveoli, small and medium size bronchi, thus promoting development of the secondary microflora and therefore, development of inflammatory and necrotic processes. Postmortem examination of elk lungs consisting of visual surface inspection, palpation, and parenchyma dissection was performed during scientific culling of elk in the Scientific and Experimental Farm under the Kirov Oblast Institute. The lungs were diagnosed with Dyctiocaulus larvae infestation. Postmortem examination of the elk lungs showed that pulmonary pleuron was smooth, glossy, without thickening, and translucent. Volume of the upper, cardial, and diaphragmal lobes remained unchanged. Multiple granulomas, acute aulas, and spotted haemorrages were found mostly in caudal lobes adjacent to diaphragm. Lung interstitial tissue is thickened in such places due to spotted overgrowth. Microscopy of the affected lung tissue showed that alveoli and bronchiole walls were thickened because of hyperplasia of cell elements: an increased number of lymphoid cells and eosinophil, as well as scattered neutrophiles and histiocyte. A part of alveoli was squeezed because of new connective tissue overgrowth. Some alveoli were under compensatory vesicular emphysema state. Dyctiocaulus larvae were found in small and medium size bronchi openings; cellular hyperplasia, eosinophilia, signs of catarrhal bronchitis were also present.

This research was aimed at studying effects of low-energy ionizing radiation. The research was performed at the Saint-Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine with support of the V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute. A preparation known as radon oil concentrate was tested. The preparation consists of an excipient (vaseline oil) containing radon atoms. Three groups of outbred laboratory mice were comprised for the research (10 animals in each group). Chemical burns were induced in animals in the test groups within 3 days. Xylene was used as the irritant chemical (the test was performed in accordance with applicable regulations on the humane treatment of animals). Radon oil concentrate was applied to the burned skin. The research studied effects of the preparation on the animals in general (clinical manifestations, blood biochemical analysis, phagocytosis) and local action on the burn surface (photographing). The research led to development of a new method of chemical burns with specific etiology treatment. Experimental data leads to the following conclusion: radon oil concentrate with 10 kBq improves overall vital signs in animals, stimulates non-specific resistance, and accelerates tissue regeneration.

The study is aimed at identification of promising long-exploited foundation cows of genealogical families and analysis of progeny of bulls belonging to different lines of the breed reproducer TNV ‘Gladyshev and Co’. In selection of foundation cows preference is given to animals that gave birth to at least four heifers meeting the requirements of the highest appraisal classes. During their life in the herd 30 selected foundation cows gave birth to 216 progenies, including 140 heifers. The average data for the foundation cows are as follows: 7.3 calving cases; 7.4 progenies, including 4.7 daughters; 3.6 granddaughters. The process of formation of families goes on until now through increase in population of F2 and F3 progenies. The breeding herd of the breed reproducer is represented by the animals of three lines - Duplet, Moryak, and Blok (52, 23, and 19 % respectively), others (Zimmer 7333, Leleshko 15, etc.) are small. During the period of formation of the current herd the breeders of the Moryak and Duplet lines have been used. The following breeders had the greatest influence: Grom 246, Mars 1773, Zevs 1456, Mak 2563, Suchok 025 (Moryak line), Tsygan 024, Dubok 011, Lotos 034, Malysh 028 (Duplet line), representing the eighth-ninth generation of the foundation bulls. The most numerous combinations of animals produced by means of homogeneous breeding and crossing of lines in the last years were analyzed. Speaking of homogeneous breeding, the progeny of the highest quality was given by Suchok, Malysh, and Lotos. According to the results of the analysis of heterogeneous breeding options, all progenies of the Blok-Duplet cross line at the age of 8 months corresponded to the requirements of the class I, and calves of Malysh - to the elite criteria. In the weaning period the calves of Dubok, Lotos, and Malysh of the Moryak-Duplet cross line corresponded to the elite criteria, and other progenies - to the class I. According to the results of the study, promising long-exploited foundation cows that have given birth to a large number of successor-cows were identified in the herd of the breed reproducer. The members of the families form a significant part of the current herd, first of all, of the breed nucleus and selection group, and provide for a stable growth of productive qualities in generations. Genotypes of the Kalmyk breed are similar in phenotypic expression through homogeneous breeding or crosses of lines. Progeny of grade up producers (Suchok) are leading in all combinations and exceeding peers in the growth rates and quality.