Some regions of the Russian Federation have been being considered unfavorable in terms of cattle brucellosis. Instructions on the control of the contagion imply horizontal transmission of the infection from its source (ill animals) to the healthy susceptible animals. This presumption is based on the cases of human infection, wide-spread dissemination of infectious agent associated with abortions in heifers and cows, and absence of indications for new-born litter even if obtained from infected animals. At the same time, latent infection carrying and its vertical transmission have been insufficiently accounted for. Veterinaries proved that it is possible to improve infectious environment in affected farms in 3 - 4 years. Nevertheless, many new episodes of brucellosis are to occur in the previously problem-free and sanitated farms during the period. Based on many years of research and available publications the author concludes that cattle brucellosis epizootic process depends on evolutionally determined natural lifecycle of causative agent in the obligatory host resulting in emerging of avirulent L-form of the agent. L-form of Brucella abortus bovis naturally occurs in the obligatory host which is cattle and is vertically transmitted from parent animals to the offspring. Stressing conditions affecting animals forms unnatural environment for the infectious agent leading to the disease exacerbation and increase of the agent’s virulence. Pregnancy in heifer is one of the stressing conditions leading to transformation of L-form into S-form and resulting in abortion and dissemination of virulent S-forms of the agent. Latent carrying of L-forms may be revealed by provocative test with vaccines of 19 or 82 strains, thus allowing withdraw of carriers from the herd and ensuring devastation of brucellosis causative agent.

In this article we analyzed the epizootic situation on rabies in one of the districts of Voronezh province. The illness had a wide circulation, but for a variety of reasons not all cases were registered, in particular dogs and cats. The outbreaks of the illness were explained by the fact that there was a great num-ber of stray dogs but no measures taken for their destruction. In many cases infected dogs bit people. These people in all cases were sent for treatment to Moscow and Kharkov at the expense of a Zemstvo. For the termination and non-proliferation of the disease there were measures taken according to requirements of circulars (directives) of the MVD (Ministry of Internal Affairs), obligatory resolutions for veterinary part in the Voronezh province and also requirements on the basis of scientific data. According to these rules the animals infected with rabies were immediately killed. Dogs and cats suspected to have the disease and as well as bitten by the infected animals were also immediately killed.

The purpose of the research has been finding L-carnitine influence on meat production and some quality indices of ostrich meat. The studies have been carried out on two groups of ostriches: the 1st - control - recieved standard diet, the 2nd - experimental - got standard diet and L-carnitine, 150 mg per 1 kg of feed. Adding L-carnitine to the diet of ostriches increases the intensity of exchange processes, provides additional muscle growth and reduces the fat deposition. The first group of ostriches had 5,5% (Р>0, 95) less meat in carcasses than the second group did and fat 16% (Р>0, 99) more. The number of bones was 15,1 - 15,2%. Dominance of experimental group ostriches over control one has been defined on basic physical and chemical parameters of muscle tissue characterizing the quality of meat. The second group ostriches have the amount of muscle tissue protein 7,4% (P>0,95) more than the first ones, but they have fat and water 21,4% (P> 0,99) and 1,7% less, respectively. L- carnitine in the diets of ostriches had no effect on the pH value and the amount of ash. In the first group the pH value was 6,0 ash - 1,1; the second group - 5,9 and 1,1, accordingly. The amount of cholesterol in the meat of ostriches is within 43-52 mg/100 g. The cholesterol of the ostriches which got L- carnitine was 17,3% (Р>0,99) less than the first group ones. Ostrich meat is a dietary product due to its quality characteristics (low in fat, cholesterol and high protein percentage).

Determining L-carnitine influence on some biochemical indices of ostrich blood in periods of grows and development has been the aim of the research. There were for med 2 groups of ostriches: I - the control one receined basic diet, II - experimental one was provided with L-carnitin - supplemented diet (150 mg per 1 kg of feeding stuff). The second group ostriches exceeded the first ones in hemoglobin - on 14,8 - 14,4 (Р>0,95); in erythrocytes - on 15,4 - 18,8(Р>0,99); in leukocytes - in 4,3 - 9,4% (Р>0,95); in amount of total protein in growth period - 9,1 (Р>0,95) and in development period - in 9,3% (Р>0,95), in albumin - on 18,2 (Р>0,99) and 17,6% (Р>0,99), accordingly, in .-globulin - on 9,2 (Р>0,95) and 8,2% (Р>0,95). The similar tendency was observed on enzymes AST and ALT, and there was practically no difference on .- and .-globulin. The amount of cholesterol of ostriches decreases within ageing and triglycerides - increases. In control group ostriches these indices were lower than in experimental group ones - in growth period on 3,4 and 7,1% respectively, an in development period - on 15,0 and 7,6% m (Р>0,95). Levels of Ca and F increases within ageing. It means active osteosynthesis and skeleton formation. Hematological indices, proteo- and fat metabolism and mineral exchange of ostriches depend on the age of birds and specificity of feeding. L-carnitine supplement, adding into a diet improves greatly metabolic processes.

Combination of components in the preparation is justified. Acute toxicity data of the elaborated antibacterial complex are received. The study of preparation acute toxicity when introducing into stomach is done with white mice and broiler chickens. Toxicity class is defined - the elaborated preparation belongs to the 3rd class of slightly toxic compounds. Pharmacokinetic properties of the given antibacterial preparation are studied: at a single dose the elaborated preparation is intensively absorbed into the blood stream, and in an hour it reaches its maximum concentration (C max=0.00419 mg/ml). It is proved that antibiotic doxycycline remains in the blood for a long period of time: T . = 5h. Maximum time period of preparation presence in the blood is investigated: at 20mg/kg dose doxycycline remains during 120 hours. Received data prove the prolonged action of the elaborated antibacterial complex. On the basis of experimental data it is stated that for therapeutic purposes the preparation can be introduced into poultry at 10mg/kg dose one time per day.

Viral pneumo-enteritis of calves (CPE) is widely distributed in Russia and other foreign countries. The viruses like PIV-3, IBR, BVD, calicivirus, reovirus and adenovirus are considered the main pathogens for CPE, which accounts for 33,2 to 60% in large livestock farms. The colostrum, mono- and polyvalent serum are considered the most effective for protection of newborn calves against infections, many of which are developed but not commercially produced. This article presents information on the selection and certification of cell cultures and virus strains of CPE with expressed antigenic properties. Determined the parameters for virus cultivation and manufacture of complex antigens, established the requirements for donors and developed a rational scheme of 4-fold hyperimmunization and exploitation of oxen-producers in mass production of the polyvalent serum against viral CPE. It is proved that the level of accumulation of antibodies in donor blood serum (BS) depends on the activity of viral antigens. Antibody titers in the donors BS immunized with antigens produced in continuous cell lines with roller method was almost 2 times higher than when using primary cell cultures. Proved possibility of equivalent application of cultural antigens and commercial vaccines as antigens. Results achieved by preliminary 2-fold grounding of donors with vaccines against viral CPE, during quarantine, as well as putting into practice «QC System», GMP rules and statistical methods of control on parameters at all stages of production of therapeutic serum. Application of the commercial vaccines as antigens allow receiving the BS with antibody titers that are much lower than when using polyvalent antigens. The preparation is harmless, active and demanded in practice. Preservation of newborn calves undergoing therapy and prophylaxis of viral pneumo-enteritis respectively, 92,8 to 96,7 and 93 to 100 %. Novelty and originality of a method for producing polyvalent BS against viral CPE protected by patent number 2,407,543.

The research objective was the studying of influence associations of Salmonellas and Eimerias on the heaviness infectious process at birds in farms of various forms ownership. It was studied the influence of associations enteropathogenic microorganisms and protozoa on the natural infected birds. The research sick and dead different age hens showed presence of oocysts Eimeria in 75% of cases. The heaviness infectious process depends on the species pathogens, their localization in the body and abnormality gastrointestinal microflora at birds. The pathologicoanatomic changes depend on the severity of clinical manifestations disease and species pathogens.

This article is sanctified to the study of clinical features of vectorial infections for dogs in the different physiological state. It is set that for the dogs of patients the disease of middle weight registered oneself in the half of cases monoinfections (ehrlichiosis or anaplasmosis). For 56% dogs with the same pathology, but being in the second half of prenatal period, a disease was demonstrated by a heavy clinical flow, in 24% cases by middle weight and only for 8% dogs the easy clinical flow of disease was marked. For the dogs of patients by the association of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis, for 63% dogs a disease clinically flowed heavily. Only in 23% clinical flow a disease was accompanied by middle weight, and by a lung clinical flow a disease was characterized only for 5,6% animals. For dogs in the second half of the prenatal next to the skin period, disease clinically heavily showed up for 75% dogs, in an easy clinical form was absent, and only 12,5% dogs were ill with the middle and extremely heavy clinical flow of disease. The association of ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis and babesiosis, for 56% dogs clinically showed up a heavy flow, 5% dogs carried a disease it easily, 23% were ill with middle weight, and at 30,6% a disease clinically flowed extremely heavily. For dogs in a prenatal period in 84,6% cases clinically showed up a heavy flow, and for 15,4% dogs marked extremely heavy form of disease.

An article gives a view for one actual problem in the field of veterinary diseases of small animals - treatment of vector- borne diseases in dogs, namely Lyme borreliosis. In veterinary practice for the treatment of disease using antibiotics different pharmacological groups at the present time. The object of the research was to compare the effectiveness of different pharmacological groups of antibiotics in the treatment of tick-borne Lyme disease in dogs. 10 dogs with diagnosis of Lyme disease of different breeds, age, gender and weight included in research. All dogs were divided into two groups of five animals each. The titer of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi was in 4 dogs (40 %) 1:80, with 6 (60%) - 1:160. Animals of the first group in addition to symptomatic therapy received ceftriaxone, the dogs of the second group were injected oxyvet. Inspection, palpation, radiography used in the capacity of methods diagnosis. At all dogs observed fever, emaciation, depression, general weakness. 8 animals were observed change in gait (80 %). On palpation of only two dogs (20%) identified pain in the hip joints. There roentgen in 3 dogs (30 %) showed signs of arthritis. In dogs of the first group the clinical improvement observed the next day after treatment, the second group - after second injection of the oxyvet, what means the fourth day. The titer antibodies of 3 dogs first group (60%) was 1:40 after treatment, antibodies in the blood 2 dogs has been detected (40%), one dogs second group has titer 1:40 (20 %), another animals - 1:80 (80 %). It was founded that effective ceftriaxone than the oxyvet, using the symptomatic treatment in combination with antibiotic therapy.

This review summarizes recent studies which have explored the genetic diversity of S. intermedius isolates resulting in a re-classification of the species and the identification of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius as the common staphylococcal pathogen in small animal practice. Staphylococcus intermedius has been the predominant coagulase- positive Staphylococcus isolated from canine skin and mucosae. Isolates formerly classified as S. intermedius from canine hosts should now be described as S. pseudintermedius. The term “S. intermedius group” should be used for isolates from other hosts in the absence of molecular tests. The rapid emergence and wide dispersal of meticillin- resistant S. pseudintermedius in Europe and North America is of major concern for animal and human health. The phenotypical variability of the SIG and the need for accurate differentiation between MRSP and MRSA present a challenge for veterinary diagnostic laboratories whose routine laboratory procedures might need to be reviewed and updated. Accurate species identification SIG must be confirmed by molecular tests, because of the very similar biochemical properties of members of SIG. Moreover, review clearly indicates that staphylococci are exchanged between human beings and dogs. Whilst transient inapparent carriage is the likely outcome of human exposure to S. pseudintermedius from dogs, there is potential for infections to develop in rare cases, with the resultant therapeutic difficulties in the case of MRSP.

The role of microbial factor in the etiology of sheep›s mastitis has been installed by of bacteriological analysis secretions udder from 56 healthy ewes, 76 ewes with the subclinical mastitis, and 48 ewes with the clinically expressed mastitis. During conducted investigations it was established, that mastitis has a broad distribution among ewes and reaches 19.0% in some sheep-breeding farm. Received data testify, that vertical zone their content doesn’t exert influence on distribution and development of mastitis in sheep, the revealed fluctuations are not important. Subclinical mastitis in ewes was found in 3-4 times more often, than clinically expressed. The main etiological factors of mastitis in ewes, by our mind, it is the lowering resistance of mammary glands and organism as a whole and the raising activity of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora. Has been established, that one and the same microorganism can be picked out from the milk of clinically healthy ewes and secret of sick by subclinical and clinically expressed mastitis. Therefore, microorganism in dependence of state common and local (mammary gland) resistance can cause any form of inflammation. Received data correspond to the results of other investigators.

The research objective: is increase of efficiency treatment subclinical mastitis by application of means complex etiotropic therapy. This provides absence inhibiting substances in milk, use of healthy milk without restrictions in further, reduction costs for treatment. For this to animals with subclinical mastitis has introduced an active physiological solution, which was obtained by the electrochemical activation isotonic solution of sodium chloride on the electrolyzer « Klyuch « in combination with trivit. It was established: etiotropic treatment of subclinical mastitis in cows by the introduction 20 ml active physiological solution intracisternally after the evening milking thrice, trivit in dose 10 ml intramuscularly once daily, provides recovery of all animals (100%), allows to use milk without restrictions due to the absence of inhibitory substances, and significantly reduces costs for treatment.

Estimation efficiency treatment of cow›s endometritis using acupuncture was held on cows of black-motley breed, productivity of 5,0-5,5 thousand kg of milk per year, with a live weight of 500-550 kg, in the conditions of «Vurnar meat» of the Chuvash Republic. To conduct this experiment were formed 4 cow groups with acute purulent-catarrhal endometritis. 3 of them experienced, 1 control group, 8 heads in each. In the experimental group 1 used acupuncture 11 BAHT in pure form; in group 2 - acupuncture combined with antimicrobial drug endometromag-bio; in group 3 - acupuncture+endometromag-bio+gamavit; in the control group used uteroton+ihglucovitum. Analysis of the results showed that the best results recovery and fertilization of cows obtained in group 3, where was used method - acupuncture+endometromag-bio+gamavit. The recovery of 100% of cows, the time from birth to fertilization 67,9±6,76 days, just fertilisation 87,5% of cows, through 46-60 days of 37,5%, through 61-90 days - 37,5%, through 91 days and more - 12,5%. This is higher than in the control group by 37,5%, up to 25,1±0,19 (P<0,01) days, 37,5, 37,5, 12,5, and 12,5 percent respectively.

The given article presents the results of a research of identification of the main pathogens of cows mastitis in one of the farm in Transnistria, and the definition of their role in the histological picture with the development of subclinical , catarrhal and purulent catarrhal cows mastitis, as well as their outcomes. It was defined that in subclinical cows mastitis with primary allocation Staph. epidermidis, histopathology was accompanied by the involvement of microscopic source of damage of the alveolar epithelium , with the development of degenerative changes in them . One of the most common outcomes for chronic course of subclinical mastitis was atrophy of the affected lobe. If there is a catarrhal and purulent catarrhal mastitis, the secretion of Staph. aureus, and the association of Staph. epidermidis/ Staph. aureus, it is histologically diagnosed necrosis and histolysis of secretory tissue with its replacement by scar - induration of the udder.

The paper contains detailed research data on the therapeutic effectiveness of the antibiotic based on doxycycline, bromhexine and lactulose and used for the treatment of piglets with gastrointestinal disorders. Doxymag-O 10%, which contains no additional therapeutic agents, is used as means of comparison. In the course of the research it was found out that piglets with gastrointestinal disorders were cured on the 4th or 5th day of the treatment if treated with the «Doxycycline-сomplex» (daily dose 10 mg/kg).Therapeutic effectiveness was proved to be 100%. Moreover, after a seven-day course of the «Doxycycline-сcomplex» treatment the blood values of the animals such as red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit became much better. Besides above mentioned results, we found out that indicator liver enzymes have become less numerous on the seventh day of the «Doxycycline-сcomplex» treatment, which is indicative of hepatic cell membranes stability. The dynamics of the alkaline phosphatase decrease towards normal indicators speak in favor of the regeneration of the epithelium of gastrointestinal wall and, consequently, improved digestion. This fact has been proved by the increase of serum protein.

The article presents the results of pathomorphological researches on the thymus gland at an experimental acute poisoning of rats with imidakloprid and cipermetrin. Scrub mature white rats have been tested after being treated with the following pesticide preparative forms - imidakloprid (tradename Konfidor Extra, ВДГ 70% /Bayer Krop Science, AG, Germany/) and cipermetrin (trademark Ciperil, solution, 50gr/l /NPO NARVAK, Russia/). Experimental animals were divided into three groups and kept under standard condition in vivarium. The first group - the intact rats - (experimental group, n=5) was treated with placebo. Specimens from an experimental group N 1 (n=5) were treated with imidakloprid at the dosage of 100 mg/kg (1/5 LD50) per orally in mornings, while specimens from an experimental group N 2 (n=5) - with cipermetrin at a dose of 60 mg/kg (1/4 LD50) per orally. In 7 days after being injected, the thymus sections have been taken for histological study. Firstly, glands samples were fixed in 4% formaldehyde-buffered neutral saline, then dehydrated by high-concentrated alcohols and, finally, embedded with paraffin. Microscopic sections 3-5 mkm thick were made by the rotary microtome and stained with the help of as hematoxylin-eosin and Van-Gieson techniques. Mast cells were determined by the staining of tissue specimens with Shubich basic brown and toluidine blue. Photomicrography of tissue specimens was performed by means of a microscope Carl Zeiss Imager A 1 with a digital camera. The changes in the cortical and medullar substances ratio with varying degrees of thymocyte density reduction as well as connective tissue proliferation infiltrated by granulocytes, increase in the number of mast cell degranulation were found in 7 days after a single injection. Experimental findings of the morphological changes in the thymus at an pesticides intoxication are of diagnostic value for immunopathology that occurs in animals reared in areas of heavy use of pesticides.

Bone tumor are characterized by an aggressive course, early hematogenous metastasis. The incidence of canine osteosarcoma is 80 - 90 % of bone tumors. The main method in diagnosis of osteosarcoma is morphological. Histopathology diagnosis difficult polymorphism microscopic picture of osteosarcoma. The purpose of this study is to investigate the macroscopic and histological structure of the various options for osteosarcoma in dogs. Selected for the study 35 dogs diagnosed with «osteosarcoma of the long bones». Our research confirms that the main morphological feature of osteosarcoma in dogs is the presence of pathological osteoid.

Currently, there is an increasing need of the person in natural and safe food. One such product is milk. Milk and dairy products are essential for proper development and functioning of the organism. In recent years there is an increased demand for goat milk. Long since it is considered a source of health, especially in relation to the people suffering from allergic diseases (including on the protein of milk cows), metabolism disorders, digestive disorders, etc. Therefore the problem of high quality goat milk is relevant and practically significant. For several decades the interest in a variety of biologically active substances of natural origin for use as components of the ration of agricultural animals was increased. Unlike antibiotics, growth stimulants and other synthetic drugs they can be applied for healthy animals throughout the greater part of the productive period, ensuring a positive result by the quality of products. Based on this, we first examined the impact of product processing stevia on veterinary-sanitary quality of goat milk in the conditions of the Voronezh region. An experienced group of goats received bagasse from stevia together with the main diet. In the experiment, we find a positive dynamics associated with the productivity of goats of the experimental group. Use of the experimental fodder composition has provided for positive dynamics of the main indicators characterizing the technological value of milk. Thus, on the basis of the received data it must be concluded that the use of bagasse from stevia in conjunction with the main diet provides positive dynamics of technologically important indicators of milk of goats, and also increases the productivity of animals and provides obtaining of products with high veterinary-sanitary characteristic.